Posted by admin on May 31, 2021 in |
Though the anesthesia-related death of a 15-year-old Hannah Greener marked the beginning of pharmacovigilance 160 years ago, the science of pharmacovigilance was not established as a separate field until the wake of the thalidomide tragedy in 1960’s. The World Health Organization (WHO) instituted International Drug Monitoring Program to internationalize the act of drug safety monitoring. Inspite of this, many countries, particularly the low and middle-income developing countries, found it difficult to implement a robust drug safety monitoring system in their country due to various technical and financial snags. India was able to establish its own pharmacovigilance system called Pharmacovigilance Program of India (PVPI) only in 2005. This article analyzes the hurdles and challenges faced by India during the implementation phase of the Pharmacovigilance program, and this article also compares the pharmacovigilance system of India with few other developed and developing...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2021 in |
Controlled and targeted drug delivery system is more advantages than conventional dosage in various aspects. In the case of treating colonic disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease, the drugs do not reach the site of action in appropriate concentration. Thus there is a need to develop effective and safe therapy for the treatment of these colonic disorders, using site-specific drug delivery approach. The present study was aimed to develop microbially triggered osmotic pump so as to achieve colon specific delivery of dexamethasone. The microbially triggered colon-targeted osmotic pump (MTCT-OP) based tablets are prepared by using two types of polymers chitosan and pectin. The tablet is formulated by using directly compressible method, which consists of an osmotic core (drug and chitosan with organic acid as excipient) and (drug and pectin with organic acid as excipient) with an inner semi-permeable membrane layer composed of the mixture of cellulose acetate and chitosan powder and an outer enteric-coating layer of eudragit® L100-55. Then a comparative study of this formulation was done. It was...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2021 in |
India is a great source of naturally occurring plant drugs which are having potential pharmacological activities. Origanum vulgare L. (Lamiaceae) is one of the most important medicinal plants in India, consisting of aromatic and medicinal properties which is used to cure many ailments. In spite of its plethora of uses as medicine and food additives since ancient times, it has reaped very little scientific interest so far, particularly in India. In such a propitious context, the intention of this study was to enhance the plant as a medicinal herb by determining pharmacognostic standards and evaluating the phytochemical components. Hence, the present study aimed at the pharmacognostical standardization of Origanum vulgare L., including the morphology, anatomy, and powder studies pertaining to organoleptic, microscopic, and physical constant evaluations. This study also describes the phyto-chemical screening and HPTLC analysis of major phytochemicals present in the taxa. The pharmacognostic profile obtained from this work can serve as a tool for developing standards for the identification, quality, and purity of Origanum vulgare L. The...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2021 in |
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent metabolic disorders and has been a leading cause of death in the last few decades. Oral hypoglycaemic agents are mostly used in the treatment of diabetes, but the main drawback of these agents is that they have some unavoidable side effects. Nowadays, researchers are mainly focusing on unexposed medicinal plant species as an alternative source for the treatment of diabetic mellitus. This review article aims to compile all the reported antidiabetic plants used by ethnic people of Assam as a folk remedy to cure diabetes mellitus and help the researcher investigate unexposed antidiabetic medicinal plants. In this concern, an extensive literature survey was carried out through different books and electronic search engines to understand the cause of diabetes mellitus and their traditional herbal remedy. Here listed 92 plant species belong to 45 families that claim ethnomedical indication to treat various diabetes mellitus. The roots, rhizomes, stems, leaves, barks, bulbs, flowers, and even the whole plant are utilized as folk remedies to...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2021 in |
The objective of this study was to determine the hepatoprotective effect of strawberry extract (150 mg/kg.b.w) in rats against Indomethacin sodium-induced gastric ulceration. Oral indomethacin administration (5 mg/kg.b.w.) resulted in a substantial rise in total plasma cholesterol, triglycerides (HDL), factor-alfa (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), liver and stomach necrosis, tumor necrosis factor-alfa (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), thiobarbaturic acid reactive substances (TBARS), 8-hydroxy 2 deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and NF kappaB. Also, treatment of rats with Indomethacin led to a significant decrease in liver and stomach high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) gene expression as well as a decrease in the levels of GSH, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT). The obtained results supported by histopathological data obtained by light and electron microscope which revealed that strawberry extract (150 mg/kg.b.w.) prevent liver tissue damage and stomach ulceration through increasing of GSH, SOD and CAT activities and decrease significantly TBARs, TNF-α, NO, 8-OHdG, NF kappaB levels, and HMGB1 gene expression. Conclusion: These results suggest that strawberry extract contains bioactive phenolics, minerals, and vitamins, which may...
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