Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2022 in |
Alzheimer’s disease, the most frequent cause of dementia, is a major global health concern with enormous societal and individual ramifications. Some of the hallmarks linked with AD include a decrease in acetylcholine (ACh) levels in the synapse, the buildup of extracellular beta-amyloid plaques, and tau protein intraneuronal tangles. Low levels of ACh have been linked to memory and reasoning problems. Plaques may disrupt signal transmission from neuron to neuron, resulting in cell death, whereas tau tangles obstruct the passage of vitamins and other essential nutrients within neurons. The efficacy of an ethanolic extract of Origanum vulgare leaves (OVE) against scopolamine-induced Alzheimer’s disease in Wistar albino rats was investigated in this work. OVE was given to rats at doses of 100 mg/kg body weight, 200 mg/kg body weight, and 300 mg/kg body weight at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg. Morris water maze, Novel object recognition test, and Y-maze were used to examine anti-Alzheimer activity, as well as biochemical tests such as neurotransmitter Acetyl cholinesterase activity, catalase activity, malonyl dialdehyde and...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2022 in |
The present research is intended for the formulation development, optimization, and in-vitro evaluation of bi-layer tablets containing Enalapril maleate, hydrochlorothiazide in the immediate release layer and Nifedipine in the sustained release layer based on GEMINEX technology. The impact of formulation variables such as combination of polymers and coating solution on the drug release was evaluated from the developed formulation. The prepared formulation blend was assessed for compressibility characteristics. The homogeneity of each API in a blend was tested by determining the %assay of individual drugs from different layers. Both the immediate and controlled release granules were formulated into bilayer tablets by the direct compression method. SEM analysis of bi-layered tablets was also performed. The mean drug content for all formulations was found to be within specified limits. The In-vitro dissolution studies can be performed at USP type II dissolution apparatus for coated tablets. The release of Enalapril maleate and hydrochlorothiazide from the immediate-release layer was found to be 99.2+0.8% and 99.5+1.1, and Nifedipine from the sustained release layer was...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2022 in |
Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that has become increasingly evident, necessitating more stable and continuous therapeutic monitoring. Metformin Hydrochloride, being the primary treatment choice in type II Diabetes, presents certain limitations like improper GI absorption and the need for multiple dosing. Controlled drug delivery proves to be a better option in such conditions to provide an uninterrupted treatment. The present study is based on the development of oral controlled matrix tablets of Metformin. Plant-derived gums like Gum Okra, Gum Moringa, Gum Xanthan were extracted suitably and used as release controlling agents individually and in combination with Eudragit RL 100 in varying proportions. EC was employed to form a secondary backing layer. Thirteen formulations with polymers in different ratios were developed using the Wet granulation technique. The physicochemical properties of the prepared matrix tablets were found to be satisfactory. In-vitro release studies were performed in simulated media, 0.1 N HCl and Phosphate buffer, pH 6.8 and results have shown that formulation F11 containing Gum Moringa and Eudragit RL-100...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2022 in |
This study was carried out to investigate the antibacterial and antifungal potentials of Abies webbiana and Berberis aristate Linn. The study aims to assess the antimicrobial activity and determine the zone of inhibition of extracts on some bacterial and fungal strains. The extracts determined the antimicrobial activity using the agar disc diffusion method. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of extracts (5, 25, 50, 100, 250 μg/ml, and so on) of A. webbiana and B. aristata were tested against different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and four fungal strains: Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, and Penicillium notatum and Penicillium funiculus. The zone of inhibition of extracts was compared with that of a standard like ciprofloxacin for antibacterial activity and griseofulvin for antifungal activity. The results showed that the remarkable inhibition of the bacterial as well as fungal growth was shown against the tested organisms. The phytochemical analyses of the plant extracts indicated the presence of saponins, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, glycosides, anthraquinones, coumarin, saponins, gum, protein, and amino acids. The antimicrobial...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2022 in |
Any errors in medical dispensing may threaten the patient’s life. Hence, this research aimed to compare and evaluate the dispensing errors and to identify its prevalence and severity through the safety reporting system (SRS) and providing feedback at “King Abdulaziz Medical City, Central Region (KAMC-CR)” and “King Abdullah Specialized Children’s Hospital (KASCH)”.The KAMC-SRS was used to collect data on dispensing errors. In order to analyze the dispensing errors, the reasons for the errors were reviewed and the errors were classified. In order to study and categorize the medication error data, the “National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention (NCCMERP)” index was utilized. Out of 3017 safety reports submitted to the SRS during 2017, the number of dispensing errors recorded was 448 (14.84% of the errors). Out of 2381 safety reports submitted to the SRS in 2018, approximately 18% of dispensing errors were recorded, which were significant (p < 0.001). Generally, “KAMC and KASCH” pharmacies showed relatively low percentages of dispensing errors that did not exceed 0.01% of...
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