Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2022 in |
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is liver cancer characterized by high prevalence and low survival rate. Hence, there is an urgent need to screen resources to develop therapeutic drugs to treat patients suffering from HCC. In this context, the current study involves developing a microcystin conjugated nano-drug from cyan bacteria Anabaena cylindrica to target the tumor liver cells. The microcystin molecules in the aqueous algal extract were quantified by High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and used as reducing and capping agents at a concentration below the toxic limit to synthesize silver nanoparticles. These nanoparticles were characterized by Nanoparticle Tracking analysis (NTA), Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR), Transmission emission microscopy (TEM), and their anti-tumor activity was evaluated on HepG2 cell line by MTT assay. The highest nanoparticle synthesis was obtained at pH 8.5 after 120 min of incubation. NTA and TEM analysis showed mean particle size of 30nm. FTIR spectrum confirmed the presence of functional groups related to proteins conjugated to silver nanoparticles. The nanoparticle formulation exhibited enhanced to toxic activity in HepG2 cell...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2022 in |
The present paper describes a novel, isocratic, simple, precise, accurate, and robust reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method development and validation for simultaneous quantitative estimation of Ofloxacin and Beclomethasone dipropionate in an Ophthalmic/Otic formulation. The proposed chromatographic estimation was carried out isocratically using Protonsil C18 (250 × 4.6mm) SH 5.0µm column, the mixture of 0.02 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (pH adjusted to 3 using ortho-phosphoric acid): acetonitrile in a ratio of 30:70 v/v with a flow rate of 1 mL/min was used as mobile phase and column oven adjusted to 30°Cwith injection volume 10µL. The ultraviolet (UV) detection was carried out at 234 nm. The retention time of ofloxacin and beclomethasone dipropionate was found to be 2.67±0.2 min and 7.42±0.2 min, respectively. Calibration curves were linear over the tested concentration range of 4 to 20µg/mL. The present study reveals that this novel isocratic HPLC method is well-validated, reliable, and can be used for routine analysis of ofloxacin and beclomethasone dipropionate in an otic formulation containing these as one...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2022 in |
Background: Adverse drug reaction (ADR) evaluation and monitoring is key for safe medication use. This study aimed to initiate, enhance reporting and support the Pharmacovigilance program of India. Methodology: This prospective observational study on the evaluation of adverse drug reactions was carried out for 6 months with the approval of ethics committee. Using standard tools, data was collected in the Standard suspected ADR reporting form and assessed for causality, severity, and preventability. Complete data were collected until the discharge of the patient. Results: A total of 31 cases were recorded with 33 ADRs. The incidence of ADRs was predominant among the elderly (38.7%). ADRs were more prevalent in females (54.83%) than males. Hypertension was the commonly observed co-morbidity among the patients enrolled in the study. The most common suspected drug class was antibiotics (48.48%) followed by anti-hypertensive agents (12.12%). Type B adverse reactions were predominant (69.69%) with a higher incidence of cutaneous manifestations (51.61%). On Causality assessment using the WHO-UMC scale, the majority of the ADRs were Probable (83.87...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2022 in |
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease identified as hyperglycemia that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot metabolize its insulin. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. Hyperglycemia, or raised blood sugar, is a common effect of uncontrolled diabetes and, over time, leads to serious damage to many of the body’s systems. Alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase inhibitors are used to achieve greater control over hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus. In the present study, the methanolic extract of leaves of Azadirachta indica, Murraya koenigii and Psidium guajava were prepared by maceration. The methanolic extracts of leaves of Azadirachta indica, Murraya koenigii and Psidium guajava were mixed in equal proportions to form a polyherbal extract and studied for in–vitro alpha (α)-amylase and alpha (α)-glucosidase inhibitory activities. In alpha-amylase activity, alpha-amylase solution (0.5 mg/mL) and substrate, 1% starch was used and the absorbance was measured at 540nm. In Alpha-glucosidase activity, alpha-glucosidase (0.5 mg/mL) and substrate, 5 mM p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside was used and the...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2022 in |
Background: Antimicrobials are used for prophylaxis and treatment of infections that occur following surgical procedures to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with surgical site infections (SSIs). A surgical site infection is an infection that occurs after surgery in the part of the body where the surgery took place. These are infections of the tissues, organs, or spaces exposed by surgeons during the performance of an invasive procedure. Objective: To assess the cost of antimicrobials therapy used within different types of surgeries. Methods: A prospective, non-interventional, observational study in the department of pharmacology for 9 months. Sample size: 330. Results: In our study clean 113 (34%), dirty 102 (31%), and clean-contaminated 90 (27%) wound surgeries were the most commonly performed surgeries. Contaminated wound surgeries were the least commonly performed surgeries (8%) in our study. The cost of antimicrobial therapy in patients with clean-contaminated (median-220), contaminated (median-352), or dirty wound surgeries (median-546) was significantly high as compared to clean wound surgeries (median-160). Also the cost of antimicrobial therapy in patients...
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