Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2022 in |
The objective of the present study was to develop cyclodextrin-based nanosponge based topical gel of tazoretene using cross-linker diphenylcarbonate and Carbopol® Ultrez 10 NF polymer. The β-Cyclodextrin nanosponges were prepared using various concentrations of β-Cyclodextrin and diphenyl carbonate and characterized. Based on evaluation parameters the β-Cyclodextrin nanosponges formulations (NS2) displayed narrow particle size, sufficiently high particle size, and maximum solubilization efficiency. Tazarotene was loaded into five β-Cyclodextrin nanosponge formulations by freeze-drying method and evaluated. Owing to the better solubilization and drug loading capacity (45%) TZNS3 was selected for further studies. The particle size of 336 nm, the zeta potential of -23 mV, and maximum drug dissolution of 97%in 12h were displayed by TZNS3 hence formulated into a gel and evaluate. The optimized tazarotene-loaded nanosponge formulation (TZNS3) was incorporated into a model carbopol gel formulation and was evaluated for skin permeation and stability. The flux value for nanosponges based gel formulation (189.342 ± 3.879 μg cm−2 h−1) was found to be higher than that for plain tazarotene (106.765 ± 4.123...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2022 in |
Doravirine is an HIV-1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). The aim of the present investigation was to develop a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) to enhance the solubility and dissolution of poorly water-soluble doravirine. The solubility of doravirinein various oils was determined to identify the oil phase of SNEDDS. Various surfactants and co-surfactants were screened for their ability to emulsify the selected oil. A ternary phase diagram was constructed to identify the efficient self-emulsifying region. The optimized SNEDDS formulation (F8) contained drug (100 mg), neobee M5 (22.2%), caproic acid (58.2%) and PEG 600 (19.4%). The SNEDDS was further evaluated for its robustness, turbidity, % drug content, entrapment efficiency, droplet size, and zeta potential. The optimized formulation of drug-loaded SNEDDS exhibited 98% entrapment efficiency, 99% drug content and 99% in-vitro drug release in 60 min as compared with the plain drug, which had a limited dissolution rate (31%). The particle size for the optimized formulation of SNEDDS (F8) was found to be 67.8 nm with PDI 0.173. The negative value...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2022 in |
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors generally having a narrow therapeutic window and large inter-patient variability. In order to support its therapeutic drug monitoring, fast and accurate methods are needed to supporting the pharmacokinetic-guided dosing in patients treating with various tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) either alone or in combination in bulk, formulations or human plasma using HPLC and detection with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), gas chromatography with mass spectrometry, spectrofluorimetry and UV-Visible spectrometry. Literature suggested that the methods developed and validated are good for accuracy, precision, and assay for all TKIs studied. These methods are also applied for routine therapeutic drug monitoring and investigator-initiated research. In this review, we described different analytical methods used for the qualitative and quantitative estimation of all TKIs investigated till 2020 in assessing the quality of drugs by using HPLC, LC-MS, HPTLC, UPLC, UV-Visible spectrophotometry, spectrofluorimetry with a huge survey from the research articles published in various pharmaceutical and analytical chemistry journals. From this assessment, these methods were found to be superior based on the quantitative analysis...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2022 in |
Background: Satranidazole is a class II drug per biopharmaceutical classification systems with poor aqueous solubility and antiprotozoal and anti-bacterial properties. Aim: Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to enhance the solubility of Satranidazole using a self-emulsified drug delivery system (SEDDS). Methods: SEDDS was prepared using Satranidazole (10 mg) and dissolved in the oil phase, i.e., rice bran oil and GMO (1:9). The co-surfactant, propionic acid, was added to the oil phase, and then Tween 80 was added with continuous stirring. The mixture was allowed to homogenize at 40 °C for 24 h and was stored in a stoppered glass vial until further evaluation. The total amount of the mixture was kept constant at 0.37 ml to be filled in size 2 capsules for dissolution study. Physico-Chemical Evaluation: Four SEDDS formulations were prepared (F-1 to F-4) and evaluated for droplet size analysis, stability studies, zeta potential, drug content and in-vitro drug release. Results: Based on self-emulsification time & dispersibility, droplet size analysis, drug content and in vitro drug...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2022 in |
Irrational use of medicines is a major problem worldwide. In surgical patients, a greater number of drugs are prescribed So, evaluating prescribing patterns of various medications in surgical inpatients would enable identifying the presence of irrational use, thereby paving a way to rational prescribing. A prospective observational study was conducted in a secondary care hospital for six months. The general surgery, gynecology and orthopedic wards were included in the study. Descriptive statistics were used to assess drug utilization patterns and measure drug use indicators. A total of 97 patients admitted to the orthopedic, general surgery, and gynecology wards were enrolled in the study. The most commonly prescribed medications were Operation theatre (OT) medications, analgesics, Gastrointestinal tract(GIT) related medicines, antimicrobial agents (AMA), and their percentage use was 29.47%, 16.44%, 16.24%, 12.03%, respectively. Based on WHO core prescribing indicators, the average number of drugs per encounter was 15.4, the drugs prescribed from WHO-EML (World Health Organization- Essential Medicines List) were 29.87%, and the total number of prescriptions with injection was 95.8%....
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