Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2024 in |
Purpose: Leaf of Vernonia amygdalin Del Fam. Asteraceae has been shown to have hypoglycemic activity. This work was designed to identify the secondary metabolites present in the plant leaf, test their lethality, and then determine the best solvent system for their extraction. Methodology: One kilogram of crushed leaves of the plant Vernonia amygdalin was extracted with 5.0 L of methanol using Sohlex extractor. The solvent systems used in thin layer chromatography were petroleum ether, N-hexane, diethyl ether, dichloromethane and methanol. The dichloromethane/Methanol fraction which showed the highest TLC separation was fractionated in a column packed with silica gel G254 and eluted gradiently at various ratio. Fractions that showed similar TLC characteristics on analysis were subjected to antidiabetic studies using Wister albino rats. LD50 was determined using Lorke,s method. Alloxan was used for hyperglycemic induction. Glibenclamide was used as the standard drug 1. Five groups of five rats per group were used. Blood glucose levels were determined using Accu check glucometer. Data was analyzed using analysis of variance with a...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2024 in |
The green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) gained interest and attracted to many researchers due to physical, optical, chemical and biological properties, enhancing a range of activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and anticancer us activity. The purpose of this study is to synthesize and characterize silver nanoparticles from fully expanded leaves of Argyria nervosa as well as to test their effectiveness in antibacterial activity. In this study, at 0.1 mM concentration of silver nitrate (AgNO3), stable AgNPs were synthesized and authenticated by monitoring the colour change of the solution from yellow to brown, which was confirmed with spectrophotometric detection of optical density. The crystalline nature of these AgNPs was detected through an SEM, EDX and FTIR pattern. AgNPs were characterized through a Scanning Electron Microscopy to study the morphology of the nanoparticles. AgNPs obtained showed significantly higher antimicrobial activities against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Bacillus sp. in comparison raw plant...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2024 in |
The increasing resistance of microorganisms to conventional antibiotics has prompted scientists to explore alternative sources for antimicrobial compounds. This study focuses on Curcuma amada, a perennial herb, and its rhizome extracts for antibacterial activity against major bacterial strains identified in burn wounds: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Various extraction methods like Cold extraction, Microwave Assisted Extraction and Soxhlet Extraction were employed to obtain ethanolic and aqueous extracts and their effectiveness was evaluated through Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) testing. MIC, crucial in determining antimicrobial potency, revealed that the extract inhibited visible bacterial growth at a concentration of 100μg/ml for all tested organisms. This concentration was identified by a colour change from violet to pink, signifying the absence of observable microbial growth. Diverse medicinal properties of Curcuma amada, including anti-inflammatory, digestive, and febrifuge effects, present a promising avenue for developing natural antimicrobial agents. The findings suggest that these plant extracts possess potential as safe alternatives or complementary treatments in managing burn wounds. This research highlights the importance...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2024 in |
Background & Aims: Laparoscopic surgeries produces significant hemodynamic changes leading to increased opioid consumption. This study aims to assess the efficacy of a unique opioid free multimodal analgesia in the prevention of adverse hemodynamic changes during intubation and pneumoperitoneum in a patient undergoing laparoscopic surgery in comparison with standard opioid based anaesthesia. Material & Methods: Sixty patients undergoing elective laparoscopic surgery were randomly assigned into two groups Group OFA (Opioid Free Anaesthesia) received tablet pregabalin 150mg 1hour prior to induction. Intravenous ketorolac 30mg, magnesium sulphate 30 mg/kg, preservative free lidocaine 1.5mg/kg, dexamethasone 8mg was administered as an analgesic mixture in 100ml normal saline half an hour prior to induction. Dexmedetomidine 1mcg/kg diluted in 100ml saline was given over 10minutes prior to induction. Group OBA (Opioid Based Anaesthesia) received placebo tablet 1hour prior to induction,100ml normal saline half an hour prior to induction and 100 ml saline was given over 10minutes prior to induction. The primary outcome was to compare the efficacy of hemodynamic suppression to intubation and pneumoperitoneum. Other...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2024 in |
Acetaminophen (APAP) is the most consumed potentially toxic drug in the world, and its cardiovascular injury has been emphasized. We evaluated the role of inflammatory mediators in the impaired vascular relaxation after APAP treatment. Rats were treated with APAP for 2 weeks (400 mg/Kg/day/p.o.) and after euthanasia, blood was collected for biochemical analysis (hepatic transaminases, lipid peroxidation and glutathione), and aortas were isolated for vascular reactivity, lipid peroxidation and biochemical analysis (glutathione, arachidonic acid, TBXA2, PGD2, 12-HETE and 15-HETE). Both blood and arteries presented increased levels of lipid peroxidation and decreased levels of glutathione. The vasodilation response to acetylcholine was impaired in the APAP group and restored after treatment with diclofenac (10 μM). In the arteries, levels of arachidonic acid were reduced while PGD2 was increased (TBXA2, 12- and 15-HETE remained significantly unchanged). Thus, oxidative stress and contractile prostanoids play a significant role in the impaired vascular relaxation caused by APAP...
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