AN AMALGAMATION OF SGLT-2 AND DPP-4 INHIBITORS: A PLAUSIBLE NOVEL TREATMENT FOR DIABETES MELLITUS

Diabetes Mellitus is characterized as metabolic chronic disease spreading all over the world ata high pace. Due to its speedily wide population spreading it is termed as 3^rd most populated country in the world since the number of individuals diagnosed with diabetes is just behind population of China and India. To date treatment therapy concerning diabetes majorly responds to insulin-dependent mechanisms. A newer activity regarding renal glucose mechanism highlights a novel treatment to curtail diabetes. Filtered glucose gets transported through the kidney, when reaches proximal tubules further reabsorbed through sodium glucose co-transporter-2 [SGLT-2] and elevates blood glucose level. SGLT-2 inhibition provokes a new treatment for diabetes and Empagliflozin, a novel, potent SGLT-2 inhibitor class drug and compare to other drugs of this class, Empagliflozin exerts a favorable once-daily dose and negligible risk of hypoglycemia. On the other hand, Sitagliptin is a DPP-4 inhibitor and has a significant role in the improvement of activity of GLP-1 situated in the myocardium pathway, an incretin hormone which got released from intestinal L cells of the distal part with a glucose-dependent release that consequently results in postprandial secretion of insulin. Briefly elaborating the synergistic effect of SGLT-2 inhibitor and DPP-4 inhibitor is the elevated secretion of incretin inhibited glucagon synthesis which consequently decreased blood glucose level. This novel mechanism of admixing SGLT-2 inhibitor and DPP-4 inhibitor is a reasonable prospective target for treating hyperglycemia.