CORRELATION OF ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIBACTERIAL AND PHYTOCHEMICALS OF LEAVES AND ROOTS EXTRACTS OF CLERODENDRUM INFORTUNATUM

The leaves and roots extracts of Clerodendrum infortunatum was evaluated for its potential antioxidant and antibacterial properties. The correlation studies with phytochemicals were performed, which has not been widely reported yet. Clerodendrum infortunatum leaves and roots were screened for the presence of phytochemicals and were found positive for carbohydrates, saponins, alkaloids, tannins, phytosterols, coumarin glycoside, cardiac glycoside, phenols, flavonoids, and terpenoids. The phenols were quantified using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The phenolics were found to be highest in ethyl acetate leaf (63.83 mg GAE/g) and ethyl acetate root extracts (87.21 mg GAE/g) at a concentration of 500 µl. Flavonoids were quantified by aluminium chloride colorimetric method, and it was found highest in ethyl acetate leaf extract (244.16 mg QE/g) and hexane root extracts (38.83 mg QE/g) at 500 µl. Aqueous leaf extracts (0.99 g) and hexane root extracts (0.99 g) had the highest total terpenoid content. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH assay. Aqueous leaves extract and ethyl acetate root extracts exhibited higher DPPH radical scavenging activity with an IC₅₀ value of 223.6 µg/ml and 217.9 µg/ml. Antibacterial activity was determined by the disc diffusion method, and MIC was determined by broth dilution assay. Ethyl acetate root extracts exhibited significant activity against Escherichia coli (12 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13 mm). Correlation analysis was determined using MS Excel software, version 2010. The correlation analysis revealed that the flavonoids in both leaves and root extracts contributed to the antioxidant activity and terpenoids for the antibacterial activity of Clerodendrum infortunatum root extracts.