DRUG REVIEW OF MOORVADI AGAD IN GARA VISHA JANYA HYPOTHYROIDISM

Background: The concept of Gara Visha in Ayurveda encompasses cumulative toxic burden arising from incompatible food habits, environmental pollutants, chemical preservatives, and sedentary lifestyle. Prolonged exposure to such toxins is theorized to vitiate Agni (digestive fire), particularly Dhatwagni, resulting in a state of Dhatwagnimandya that shows clinical overlap with hypothyroidism. Objective: This article presents a comprehensive drug review of Moorvadi Agad, a classical formulation described in Ashtanga Samgraha Uttara Tantra (40/88), exploring its individual pharmacodynamic properties and collective therapeutic rationale in the conceptual management of Gara Visha Janya Hypothyroidism. Review Methodology: A systematic literature search was conducted using classical Ayurvedic texts (Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Hridaya, Ashtanga Samgraha), authoritative Nighantus (Bhavaprakasha Nighantu, Dravyaguna Vigyana), and standard pharmacopoeial databases. Modern pharmacological data was sourced from PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect (search period: 2000-2025) using keywords: “Moorvadi Agad,” “Gara Visha,” “hypothyroidism,” “Ayurveda,” “Dhatwagnimandya,” along with individual plant names. Selection Criteria: Classical references describing Moorvadi Agad and its ingredients were included. Modern studies reporting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, and metabolic activities of individual ingredients were prioritized. Animal studies, in-vitro experiments, and human clinical trials were included where available; anecdotal reports and unpublished data were excluded. Principal Evidence: Classical Ayurvedic texts establish the Vishaghna (antitoxin), Deepana (appetizer), Pachana (digestive), Kapha-Medohara (alleviates Kapha and fat), and Srotoshodhana (channel purification) properties of Moorvadi Agad. Modern pharmacological studies on individual ingredients demonstrate antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and metabolic regulating activities. However, direct clinical evidence for the formulation in hypothyroidism is lacking. Conclusion: Moorvadi Agad presents a theoretically relevant classical formulation for conditions conceptualized as Gara Visha Janya Dhatwagnimandya, but requires systematic experimental and clinical validation before being considered an established treatment for hypothyroidism.