EVALUATION OF ANTI-ALZHEIMER ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ANNONA SQUAMOSA LEAVES IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS

Alzheimer’s (AD) has been the most prevalent kind of dementia, generally producing linguistic and visuospatial deficits, frequently combining comfort ability problems such as apathy, aggression and depression, via the gradual deterioration of the episodic memory and learning. A noteworthy pathophysiological cause is the presence in the neuronal cytoplasm of extracellular plaque of insoluble ß-amyloid Peptide (Aβ) and neurofibrillary (NFT) tangles containing hyperphosphorylated tau protein (P-tau). Genetics could be linked to approximately 70% of the probability of development of AD. In the present study, the efficacy of ethanolic extract of Annona squamosa leaves (ASE) was evaluated against scopolamine-induced Alzheimer in the Wistar albino rat. Donepezil at dose of 2.5 mg/kg, ASE was given in rat at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight, 200 mg/kg body weight and 300 mg/kg body weight. Anti-Alzheimer activity was assessed by Morris water maze, Novel object recognition test and Y-maze. And by biochemical test like neurotransmitter Acetyl cholinesterase activity, catalase activity, malondialdehyde and Nitric oxide assays. Results showed that extracts treatment prevents Alzheimer and increases the level of acetylcholine, catalase and phytochemical studies identified the presence of Phenolic compounds, flavonoids and alkaloids in the ASE. Hence Annona squamosa Leaves extract seems to be a potent candidate for enhancing learning and memory and it would be beneficial for the treatment of amnesia and Alzheimer’s disease.