EVALUATION OF ANTIULCER ACTIVITY OF SAPONIN-RICH FRACTION OF MORUS ALBA LEAVES

A peptic ulcer is an excoriated area of the stomach or intestinal mucosa caused principally by the digestive action of gastric juice or small upper intestinal secretions. A peptic ulcer is a conglomerate of heterogeneous disorders that manifests as a lesion in the lining of the gastrointestinal mucosa bathed by acid and pepsin. Peptic ulcers frequently occur along the lesser curvature of the antral end of the stomach or, more rarely, in the lower end of the esophagus, where stomach juices frequently reflux. It occurs because of an imbalance between aggressive factors (gastric acid and pepsin) and defensive factors (gastric mucus, bicarbonate, prostaglandins). The white mulberry tree (M. alba L.) is a deciduous tree originating from Asia but currently cultivated in subtropical, tropical, and moderate environments. M. alba leaves contain triterpenoid and steroidal saponin (lupeol, β- Sitosterol), bioflavonoids (rutin, moracetin, quercetin-3-triglucoside and isoquercitrin), coumarins, volatile oil, alkaloids, amino acids and organic acids, rutin, quercetin. M. alba leaves have various pharmacological properties such as anti-cancer, Anti- dopaminergic, and Hepatoprotective activity. Antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity. Due to the presence of several phytoconstituents in this plant have been used for ages in various traditional medicine systems to treat cough, tonify blood, constipation and diabetes.