EVALUATION OF SERUM ADIPONECTIN AND ADIPOQ +45 T>G POLYMORPHISM WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME IN TUNISIAN POPULATION

Adiponectin has been schown to protect from insulin resistance, demonstrate anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic effects and be involved in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (MS). We aimed to assess the  association between serum adiponectin concentration, insulin resistance and various risk factors of MS and to investigate the relationship between the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) +45 T>G ( rs 2241766) in the adiponectin (ADIPOQ) gene and the risk of MS. 200 patients with MS and 250 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The level of fasting serum insulin, glucose, and lipid levels were measured. Insulin resistance was estimated using homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Serum adiponectin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the SNP +45 T>G in the ADIPOQ gene was performed by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. MS patients had a significantly higher levels of HOMA-IR (p<0.001) and lower serum adiponectin concentrations (p<0.001) compared to controls. Multiple regression analysis showed that serum adiponectin levels was associated negatively with HOMA-IR (r=-0.307; p=0.001) and positively with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (r=0.369; p=0.000) in MS patients. In addition, there was no significant association between genotypes of rs 2241766 and the risk of MS. In conclusion, adiponectin is known to play key regulator of insulin sensitivity, endothelial function and lipid metabolism. Our findings confirm the associations of hypoadiponectinemia with MS and gave evidence that the SNP+45 T>G polymorphism in the gene of ADIPOQ is not associated with MS.