GC-MS ANALYSIS AND IN-VITRO ANTI-DIABETIC ACTIVITY OF BIOACTIVE FRACTIONS OF FERONIA ELEPHANTUM FRUIT

The present study was carried out to characterize the bioactive phytoconstituents from the fractions of F. elephantum fruit and to evaluate their in-vitro anti-diabetic activity. Column chromatography of methanol extract of F. elephantum fruit yielded  Hexane: Ethyl acetate (1:1 v/v) fraction (HEFE), Ethyl acetate fraction (EFE) and Ethyl acetate: Methanol (1:1 v/v) fraction (EMFE), which were subjected to GC-MS analysis. They were also tested for in-vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory potential. GC-MS analysis of EFE predominantly showed 2,5-Furandione, dihydro-3-methylene; n-Hexadecanoic acid; 5-Eicosene,(E)-; cis-13-Octadecenoic acid; and γ-Sitosterol; 2,5-Furandione, dihydro-3-methylene-; cis-Aconitic anhydride; Ethanol, 2,2′-[(1-methylethyl)imino]bis-; and Propanedioic acid, ethyl-, diethyl ester; were the major compounds in EMFE. HEFE showed 2,5-Furandione, dihydro-3-methylene (18.5%), Dodecanoic acid (4.48%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (15.18%) and cis-13-Octadecenoic acid (18.95%) which are biologically active. Moreover, the α-amylase IC₅₀ values of HEFE, EFE, and EMFE were 68.77, 52.59, and 40.28 μg/mL, respectively, while that of acarbose was 41.99 μg/mL. And the α-glucosidase IC₅₀ values of HEFE, EFE, and EMFE were 69.53, 35.08, and 42.49 μg/mL, respectively, which were comparable to that of acarbose (39.21 μg/ml). Findings of the present study clearly indicate that F. elephantum fruit possesses numerous bioactive components and potential in-vitro antidiabetic activity, thus justifies the use of this plant for different ailments by traditional medical practitioners.