IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTIOXIDANT, HAEMOLYTIC, THROMBOLYTIC ACTIVITIES AND PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF SIMAROUBA GLAUCA LEAVES EXTRACTS

Objective: To study the leaves of Simarouba glauca for their antibacterial, antioxidant, haemolytic, thrombolytic activities and to perform phytochemical evaluation. Methods: The three extracts (chloroform, methanol, ethyl acetate) of Simarouba glauca were screened for antibacterial activity against five pathogenic microorganisms by well diffusion method. In vitro antioxidant activity of extract was studied using H₂O₂ radical scavenging assay. The haemolytic activity was determined using agar diffusion techniques on blood agar plate, thrombolytic activity by clot disruption and phytochemical potential by qualitative analysis.  Results: Among the different extracts tested, the methanol extract of leaves showed significant antimicrobial activities. The most susceptible micro-organisms were found to be Gram negative bacteria (Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Citrobacter), Gram positive bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis). H₂O₂ scavenging activity of Simarouba glauca was found to increase with increasing concentration of the extract. IC₅₀ values of H₂O₂ scavenging activity was 6.72±0.1 µg/mL which was found in chloroform extract.  The haemolytic activity was found to be higher in ethyl acetate extract than methanol, chloroform. The chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts shows 23.68 % and 21.60 % clot lytic activity whereas standard streptokinase shows 34.86 % in thrombolytic assay. The phytochemical evaluation indicates the presence of chemical constituents. Conclusions: This study shows that all the extract of leaves of Simarouba glauca has bioactivity. Further compound isolation is in process to confirm the activities of individual compound.