NATURAL PLANT EXTRACTS USED IN THE MANAGEMENT OF STREPTOZOTOCIN (STZ) INDUCED DIABETES MELLITUS IN RODENTS

Diabetes mellitus is an associated symptom of untreated high blood sugar, and it’s linked to long-term organ damage, dysfunction, and failure in adults. The ongoing increased scale of Diabetes mellitus will severely impact the long-term health of the global population and the global economy unless appropriate prevention and management strategies are established. Plants were studied using streptozotocin-induced diabetes rodents’ in-vivo animal models. As per the World Health Organization, more than 90% of people in underdeveloped countries use natural medicine (plants and their products) for primary health care. Approximately 800 plants have been identified to have anti-diabetic properties. The following are the most commonly utilized plant extracts to help regulate blood glucose: Allium cepa (Onion), Allium sativum (Garlic), Aloe barbadensis (Aloe vera), Azadirachta indica (Neem), Beta vulgaris (Beetroot), Catharanthus roseus (Vinca rosea), Cinnamomum cassia (Cinnamon), Curcuma longa (Curcumin), Eugenia jambolana (Jamun), Hibiscus rosa-sinesis (Gurhal), Mangifera indica (Mango), Momordica charantia (Karela), Nigella sativa (Kalonji), Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi), Panax ginseng (Ginseng), Pterocarpus marsupium (Vijyasar), Psidium guajava (Guava), Tamarindus indica (Tamarind), Trigonella foenum-graecum (Methi) and Zingiber officinale (Ginger). This study is conducted for pre-clinical testing and its pharmacological effects in the management of Diabetes mellitus. The primary goal of this review is to summarize herbal extracts and their glucose-lowering pathways, including insulin-mimetic activity, increased 𝛽-cell regeneration and glucose uptake.