PHYTOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION OF ANISOMELES MALABARICA R. BR. LEAVES BY SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND GC-MS

Medicinal plants belong to the Labiatae family, commonly known as the mint family. This family comprises the Anisomeles malabarica, which contain biologically important phytochemicals. Focus on solvent extraction of selected medicinal plant parts and its phytochemical analysis gives an insight for herbal drug discovery. A heat continuous percolation experiment was conducted for 24 hours using three different solvents, namely ethanol, methanol, and chloroform using the Soxhlet apparatus. The phytochemical examination of Anisomeles malabarica leaf extracts by the three solvents revealed that the extracts are abundant in alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, and glycosides, all of which have been linked to the pharmacological effects of the plant. In the current study, derivatization procedures were employed to analyze both polar and non-polar compound present in the solvent extracts. Based on the GC-MS analysis, large amounts of carboxylic acids, which contain both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, hydrocarbons, including alkanes and alkenes are responsible for the oily quality of all three extracts. According to analysis, the majority of polar molecules, such as alcohols, phenol, mannose, glucose, fructose, arabinose, myo-inositol, D-glucitol, D-arabitol, D-allose, and glucitol, could be extracted by ethanol. The analysis confirmed that the appropriate solvents must be used in order to extract biologically relevant components. A significant source of information is provided by the results of this study regarding the chemical nature of the phytochemicals isolated and analysed by GC-MS in Anisomeles malabarica leaf extract.