QUALITATIVE PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND PHYTOCHEMICAL EVALUATION ON ACHYRANTHES ASPERA LINN. LEAF

Medicinal plants and their investigation towards the phytoconstituents is much interested in today’s research. The plant Achyranthes aspera Linn.  is one of the most use full drugs in Siddha and Ayurvedha medicines for treating various diseases in different formulations. Here the aim of this study is to evaluate the pharmacognostic parameters and identify the phytoconstituents. A preliminary phytochemical study helps identify the phytoconstituent present in different extracts, and Column Chromatography was used to isolate the phytoconstituent principle present in the methanol extract. The structure of the isolated compound was elucidated by Spectroscopic methods like UV spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, MASS spectroscopy. A yellow crystalline compound was isolated from the methanol extract of Achyranthes aspera Linn. in the fraction of Chloroform: Ethyleacetae in (80:20) ratio. From the spectroscopic method, the structure of the isolated compound was elucidated, and the proposed structure may be (E)-2-(E)-tetracos-21-enoyloxy) ethyl pentacos-22-enoate. The antimicrobial activity of the methanol and aqueous extract of Achyranthes aspera Linn. has also been screened towards bacterial and fungal organisms like Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella aerogenes and fungi Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus, etc. Both extracts show antimicrobial activity, but the methanol extract shows better activity than the aqueous extract.