REVIEW ON ACTIVITY OF CANNABIS TREATMENT ON PARKINSON’S DISEASE

As new treatments and medication are growing rapidly, neurologists are also toward expanding treating patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease and facing questions regarding cannabis as a treatment elective, particularly for levodopa-safe Parkinson’s symptoms. Cannabinoids compounds like delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and Cannabidiol (CBD) are the most abundant chemicals present. Whereas THC is psychotropic chemical that tends to cause individuals to feel “high,” while CBD is no psychotropic chemical. Nonetheless, other than cannabis, plant cannabinoids are also produced by the mammalian body, called endocannabinoids. Endocannabinoids are neurotransmitters that bind to cannabinoid receptors and cannabinoid receptor proteins expressed throughout the central nervous system, including the brain and peripheral nervous system. So, these endocannabinoid receptors can be of two types cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) and cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2R), which are G-protein coupled receptors. The first receptor, CB1R receptors are particularly abundant in the hippocampus, frontal cortex, basal ganglia, hypothalamus and cerebellum, spinal cord and peripheral nervous system. They can also be found in inhibitory GABA-ergic neurons and excitatory glutamatergic neurons. Whereas CB2R receptor is most abundantly found on cells of the immune system hematopoietic cells and glial cells. CB2R receptor is mainly found in the periphery under normal healthy conditions, but in the case due to disease or injury, this regulation occurs within the brain, and CB2R is therefore expressed in the brain in disease or injured person.