Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2021 in |
Plants present in the mangrove ecosystem are underexplored for their natural bioactive agents, including a neglected scope of inventing newer antimicrobials, to combat global crisis mediated by MDR microorganisms. In this study, we investigated four plants-Excoecaria agallocha, Bruguiera gymnorhiza, Avicennia alba and Aegialitis rotundifolia of the Sundarbans, world’s largest mangrove ecosystem in West Bengal, India, for their antimicrobial activities against Salmonella typhi and Candida parapsilosis, in addition to their important bioactive resources including antioxidants. Ethanolic, methanolic, and DMSO extracts of leaves of these plants were studied by antimicrobial screening, determination of total phenolic and flavonoid contents, DPPH free radical scavenging activity, ABTS [2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)] assay, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), lipid peroxidation inhibition, thin layer chromatography, and liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS). E. agallocha extracts showed excellent antimicrobial activities against S. typhi, while antifungal activity against C. parapsilosis was almost lacking. MIC values of all the extracts against S. typhi was as low as 3.96 µg/mL, however, growth inhibition was most with E. agallocha extract. Again total phenolic content...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2021 in |
Microorganisms that live their life in places with high salt concentrations are known as Halophiles. Halophilic bacteria play a majority role in hypersaline environments than other microorganisms. These Halophiles are having intense strategies of adaptation and tolerate them to sustain their survival in the saline extreme, such adaptation in hypersaline environments makes them to give unique attention to the researcher for their biological properties. The diversity of halophiles bacteria incorporates aerobic and anaerobic phototrophs, aerobic heterotrophs, fermenters, denitrifies, sulfate reducers, and methanogens. The biotechnological important of the halophilic bacteria, such as producing a Novel bioactive compounds, industrially important enzyme, Bio-surfactants, Stabilizers Exopolysacharides, Probiotics etc. Secondary metabolites are organic compounds produced by bacteria, fungi, or plants which are not directly involved in the normal growth, development, or reproduction of the organism. Some common examples of secondary metabolites include ergot alkaloids, antibiotics, naphthalenes, nucleosides, phenazines, quinolines, terpenoids, peptides, and growth...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2021 in |
The aim of the present study was to characterize the petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethanol extracts of rhizomes of Curcuma leucorrhiza Roxb and to evaluate their biological activities such as anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, and anti-fungal activities. Sequential solvent extraction was performed by Soxhlet apparatus using petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethanol, and respective extracts were named as CL-P, CL-C and CL-E. Antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated by DPPH, ABTS, and lipid per oxidation assays. Antibacterial and antifungal activities were evaluated against Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (MTCC 739), Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis (MTCC 121), Micrococcus luteus (MTCC 106), Mycobacterium smegmatis (MTCC 6), fungal plant pathogen Rhizoctonia solani (MTCC 4633) and fungal animal pathogen Aspergillus niger (MTCC 1344) using agar well diffusion method with some modifications. Phytochemical analysis showed that solvent extracts of Curcuma leucorrhiza rhizome contained polyphenol, phenols, quinones, flavonoids, terpenoids, carbohydrates, glycosides, cardiac glycosides, coumarins and alkaloids. All the three extracts used in the study displayed the ability to scavenge DPPH and ABTS radicals and to inhibit lipid peroxidation....
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2021 in |
Five marine sponges were collected off Carmen, Agusan del Norte, Philippines and taxonomically identified as Axinyssa sp., Plocamionida sp., Forcepia sp., Pachymatisma sp and Placospongia sp. The “non-polar” (EtOAc-MeOH) and “pola”r (EtOH-H2O) extracts of the marine sponges were prepared and subjected to 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, a total antioxidant capacity assay using the phosphor molybdenum method and antimicrobial assay using the paper disc diffusion method. The marine sponge extracts exhibited low antioxidant activity as indicated by both the percent antiradical activity values obtained which ranged from 0.89% to 5.41% and the total antioxidant capacity values expressed as Ascorbic Acid Equivalence (AAE) ranging from 11.99 to 126.67 AAE and Butylated Hydroxytoluene Equivalence (BHTE) with a value range of 6.64 to 148.30 BHTE). The non-polar extracts from all the marine sponges as well as the polar extract from the marine sponge Forcepia sp. showed antibacterial activity against the two bacterial strains, B. subtilis and E. coli. However, the marine sponge extracts no significant antifungal activity against the two fungal...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2021 in |
Quinoline or 1-aza-naphthalene or benzo [b] pyridine is a weak tertiary base. In the study, the synthesis of compounds and their antimicrobial activity which is not done earlier and is quite significant. An attempt has been made for the synthesis of N’-(substituted benzylidene)-2-(7-bromo-2-phenylquinazolin-4-yloxy) acetohydrazide (5-15). The titled compounds were prepared by the reaction of bromoanthranilic acid with benzoyl chloride which gave oxazine-4-one derivative (1), which on reaction with formamide gave quinazolin-4(3H)-one derivative (2). The esterification product of quinazolin-4(3H)-one derivative, when reacted with hydrazine-hydrate gave (7-bromo-2-phenylquinazolin-4yloxy) acetohydrazide (4). The sub stituted benzaldehyde on reaction with 7-Bromo-2-phenylquinazoline-4yloxyacetohydrazide (4) yielded N’-(sub stituted benzylidene)-2-(7-bromo-2-phenyl quinazolin-4-yloxy) acetohydrazide (5-15). Primarily the structures of all synthesized compounds were confirmed from Melting point and TLC methods and then spectral analysis IR, 1H NMR and mass spectra. All synthesized derivative compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activities using the disc diffusion technique. It was found that all the synthesized compounds exhibit antimicrobial activity and that compounds 7, 11, 13 and 14 have a broad spectrum of...
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