Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2014 in |
In the present study, Vigna mungo (blackgram) have been used to investigate bioactive compounds through soxhlet extraction. The obtained methanol extract was evaluated for antimicrobial activity by Kirby-Bauer method against bacterial strains (Enterococci sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella sp., Bacillus sp., Staphylococcus aueres)and fungal strains (Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans) on Muller Hinton agar medium and potato dextrose agar medium respectively. The blackgram was analyzed for the presence of proteins through SDS-PAGE and compared with the BSA (66KDa) and Lysine (18KDa) protein markers. The sensitivity of the obtained methanol extract against pathogenic microorganisms was studied with the combined effect of commercially available antibiotics which resulted in good and enhanced antimicrobial effect. The methanol extract of blackgram was also analyzed for bioactive compounds through gas-chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The GC-MS spectrum revealed bioactive compound with molecular weight of 297.3268 (Heptadecanoic acid, 9-methyl, methyl ester). The active constituents of Vigna mungo was identified through mass spectroscopy analysis act as potential compound for effective antimicrobial and pharmaceutical...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2013 in |
Atovaquone is a hydroxynaphthoquinone that has antimicrobial activity and is being used in antimalarial protocols. Its inhibitory effect being comparable to ubiquinone, in sensitive parasites atovaquone can act by selectively affecting mitochondrial electron transport and parallel processes such as ATP and pyrimidine biosynthesis. It exhibits low bioavailability related to its poor water solubility. The present research investigates crystal modification of atovaquone to improve the solubility, dissolution rate as well as some physicochemical properties. The crystals were modified in presence of PEG-4000. The modified crystals were characterized by Scanning electron microscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. The solubility and dissolution rate of modified crystals were compared with untreated atovaquone. The SEM results showed different morphology of modified crystals compare to untreated atovaquone. FT-IR spectra of untreated atovaquone when compared with modified crystals showed no significant change in their characteristic peaks. Also DSC spectra showed change in the melting endotherm of modified crystals and the XRD spectra revealed change in diffraction pattern. The FT-IR, DSC and XRD indicate...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2013 in |
The peanut or groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) is a species in the legume family (Fabaceae). There are different varieties like Virgina group, Spanish group, Runner group, Valencia group, Tennessee red and Tennessee white. Peanut consists of 30 essential nutrients and phytonutrients. Peanuts are a good source of vitamins & metals. Peanut hulls consist of crude fiber, cellulose, water, crude protein, ash and fat. Chemical constituents present in the plant are acids, arachin, lecithin protein, flavonoids, beta-carotene, amino acids, minerals, fat, carbohydrates etc. It has varies pharmacological activities like antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant, anticancer, antihypertensive, neuroprotective, antimutagenic, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory. Peanuts can help to enrich the soil. Peanuts are legumes and are able to fix nitrogen in their roots. Peanut oil used as a liniments, plasters, soap & lubricant. Roots are used alternative fuel & cosmetic purpose. Peanut allergy is the most common cause of deaths from food...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2013 in |
Antibacterial agents are essential drugs for human health and welfare. Many pharmaceutical industries have produced a number of antibiotics and resistance to these drugs by microorganisms increased. This development of resistance has necessitated the search for new anti-bacterial agents. Medicinal plants like spices are considered as a good source of natural products for maintaining human health since decades. The use of these plant extracts with known antimicrobial properties can be of great significance in therapeutic treatments. The main objective is to study the antimicrobial activity of combined plant extracts and to screen their anti-bacterial efficacy with the individual plant extracts by using Disc diffusion method against 5 bacterial strains (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Proteus vulgaris). Aqueous extracts like Infusions and Decoctions from the following plants were prepared: Syzygium aromaticum (Clove), Laurus nobilis (Bay leaf), Cuminum cyminum (Cumin) and the comparison is made between individual extracts with the combined mixture of infusions and decoctions. The combination of three infusions was found to be more effective...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2013 in |
Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) is a pleasant smelling perennial shrub, which grows in several regions in the world. The plant is reported to have high economic and medicinal values. The objectives of this research was to determine antimicrobial activity of petroleum ether, chloroform and hydroalcoholic extracts obtained from leaves of Thymus vulgaris collected from Oman. The other objective was to determine cytotoxic activity of the three extracts. Antimicrobial activity was measured using disc diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumonia. Brine shrimp test was used to estimate cytotoxic activity. In antibacterial assay, Thymus vulgaris leaves extracts showed very strong results, inhibition zones ranged from 7 – 20 mm. So this plant can be used as a good source of potential antimicrobial agent.Petroleum ether showed the highest antibacterial activity. Furthermore, Petroleum ether and Chloroform extracts have almost killed all the shrimp larvae at higher concentration of 1000 mcg/ml. LC50 values for the two extracts were 85.2 and 95.8 mcg/ml, respectively. Polar fractions like hydro alcoholic...
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