Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2011 in |
Urinary tract infection (UTI) remains the common infections diagnosed in outpatients as well as in hospitalized patients. Worldwide data show that there is an increasing resistance among urinary tract pathogens to conventional drugs. Extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL) hydrolyse expanded spectrum cephalosporins like ceftazidime, cephotaxime which are used in the treatment of UTI. ESBL-producers are not easily detected by the routine disk diffusion susceptibility test, and this result in the failure of treatments due to inappropriate use of antibiotics. No information on ESBL producing organisms causing UTI is available from Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu. Urinary isolates from symptomatic UTI cases attending or admitted to a hospital in Tiruchirappalli were identified by conventional methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by Kirby Bauer’s disc diffusion method. Isolates resistant to cephotaxime were tested for ESBL production by double disc synergy test method. Of the 936 isolates, 236 (25.2%) were found to be ESBL producers. In the present study, a large number of uropathogens were found to be ESBL producers. Most of the ESBL...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2011 in |
The use of medicinal plants in the world and especially in India, contributes significantly to primary health care. Whole plant of the Cynodon dactylon is traditionally used to treat painful and inflammatory condition. We have undertaken this study since no detailed scientific study was available regarding the antifungal and antibacterial activity of the aqueous extract of the whole plant. In this study the aqueous extract of Cynodon dactylon was used to determine the antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis and Candida albicans. The antimicrobial activity was determined using the agar well diffusion method. The diameter of the clear zone of inhibition surrounding the well was measured. The aqueous extract of Cynodon dactylon had antimicrobial activity against all the test organisms except Candida albicans. Phytotoconstituents present included Saponins, Tannins, steroids and Flavonoids. It can be concluded that aqueous extract of whole plant of Cynodon dactylon may be considered as an antibacterial agent and can be used to source antibiotic substances for possible treatment...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2011 in |
The potential of methanol extract as a potent antimicrobial agent has been observed to be an effective means to combat disease causing pathogenic organisms. Growth pattern of Escherichia coli cells showed that the growth of cells decreased with an increase in concentration of extract. The specific relationship between the specific growth rate and the substrate concentration was thus be obtained by fitting these data into Monod kinetic model. The non competitive and uncompetitive inhibition kinetic models were also tested in order to determine the inhibitory effects of the methanol extract of roots on Escherichia coli. Longest lag phase of 8 hrs was obtained at nutrient broth concentration of 2 g/L. Kinetic studies showed that with an increase in concentration of extract (10-30 g/L) the specific growth rate and inhibition constant decreased but saturation constant increased. Therefore the biokinetic constant estimated by these models have laid the possibility of obtaining suitable antibiotic from Alstonia...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2011 in |
Many herbal remedies have been employed in various medicine systems for the treatment and management of the different diseases. The Tamarinds indica commonly known as ‘imali’ has been recognized in different system of traditional medicines for the treatment of different diseases and aliments of human being. This review supports of all updated information on its pharmacognostical, pharmacological activity and traditional uses. Preliminary phytochemical screening of this plant revealed the presences of, flavonoids, steroid, glycoside alkaloid and Triterpenoids. It has been reported as Anti-helminthic, antimicrobial, antiseptic, antiviral, asthma, astringent, bacterial skin infections, constipation (chronic or acute), and diabetes. There is no report available on isolated constituents of bioactive compound from plant bark of Tamarinds indica which supports it’s further to isolating a useful pharmacologically active compound as a...
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Posted by admin on Nov 1, 2011 in |
Moringa preparations have been cited in the scientific literature as having antibiotic, antitrypanosomal, hypotensive, and antispasmodic, antiulcer, anti-inflammatory, hypo-cholesterolemic, and hypoglycemic activities, as well as having considerable efficacy in water purification by flocculation, sedimentation, antibiosis. To evaluate the antioxidant activity of Moringa oleifera leaf extracts and their in- vitro antibacterial activity against four microorganisms, viz. Escherichia Coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhii. Phytochemical screening of the leaf extracts in solvents of varying polarity; viz., water, methanol, ethanol and acetone were also carried out. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was determined by the reducing power assay using ascorbic acid as standard. Well diffusion method was used to assess the antimicrobial effect of the extracts on both Gram positive and Gram negative micro-organisms. Well known chemical procedures were used for the detection of the phytochemical components. The aqueous extract exhibited maximum antioxidant activity compared to the organic solvent extracts. Acetone extract showed broad spectrum antimicrobial effect against all the tested micro-organisms while the methanolic extract was active against...
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