Posted by admin on Jun 1, 2011 in |
Premna integrifolia Linn. (Family: Verbenaceae) is a medicinal plant which is traditionally used against a number of diseases including inflammatory condition. On the scientific basis of traditional uses, the ethanolic extract of leaves of Premna integrifolia Linn. was assessed for its possible analgesic and antimicrobial activity. The analgesic activity of the sample was studied using acetic acid induced writhing model in mice. Antibacterial activity of leaves of Premna integrifolia Linn. was tested by using the disc diffusion method. In analgesic activity, the extract produced 52.17% (p<0.01) acetic acid induced writhing inhibition in mice at the dose of 500 mg/kg body weight, which is comparable to diclofenac sodium 65.21% (p<0.01) at the dose of 25 mg/kg body weight. The extract showed significant antibacterial activity against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. All the results tend to justify the traditional uses of the plant and require further investigation to identify the chemicals responsible for these...
Read More
Posted by admin on Jun 1, 2011 in |
Recently, heterocyclic compounds analogues and their derivatives have attracted strong interest in medicinal chemistry due to their biological and pharmacological properties. The small and simple benzothiazole nucleus possesses numerous biological properties like – antitumor, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, and antidiabetic activities. These activities are also possessed by its substituted derivatives as well. The present review focuses on some commonly used easy procedures to synthesize the benzothiazole moiety and its derivatives, which comprise of different biological...
Read More
Posted by admin on Apr 1, 2011 in |
The ethanolic extract of whole plant of Coriandrum sativum Linn., family: Umbelliferae, was assessed for its possible analgesic, antidiarrhoeal, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the ethanolic extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, glycosides, and gums. In acetic acid induced writhing in mice, the ethanolic extract (250 and 500 mg/kg) exhibited significant (p<0.001 & p<0.001) inhibition of writhing reflex 62.12% and 72.73% respectively compared to standard diclofenac sodium. The extract showed a significant (P<0.01 and P<0.001) antidiarrhoeal activity against castor oil induce diarrhea in mice in which it decreased the frequency of defecation and increased the mean latent period at the dose of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight. The ethanolic extract showed moderate antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. In the brine shrimp lethality test, the extract showed cytotoxicity significantly with LC50 40 μg/ml which was comparable to that of standard drug Chloramphenicol (LC50 20 μg/ml). All the results tend to justify the traditional uses of the plant and require further investigation...
Read More
Posted by admin on Apr 1, 2011 in |
The in vitro activity of the petroleum ether extract of fruit part of Phyllanthus acidus was tested for cytotoxic antibacterial and antioxidant activities as well as for phytochemical screening. The plant was collected from Savar, Dhaka. Phytochemical screening of petroleum extract of phyllanthus acidus revealed the presence of carbohydrate, glycoside and steroid. The extract exhibited antibacterial activity was determined by the disc diffusion method against thirteen pathogenic bacteria and the cytotoxic activity was performed by brine shrimp lethality bio-assay method. The higher concentrations showed antimicrobial activity against a number of bacteria including Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus megaterium. In brine shrimp lethality bio-assay, the LC50 value was 3.12. The phenolics contents was 159.601 mg/g GAE and the amount of flavonoid was 24.183 mg/g of quercetin equivalent. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of Phyllanthus acidus was found to slight increase with increasing concentration of the extract and IC50 value showed 1192.263 µg mL−1 for plant extract compared to 13.37 µg mL−1 which was the IC50 value...
Read More
Posted by admin on Apr 1, 2011 in |
The antimicrobial effects of selected medicinal plants commonly used by herbal practitioners in central province Kenya was evaluated on different bacterial strains- Staphylococcus aureus (Gram +ve cocci) – ATCC 20591, Salmonella typhi (Gram –ve rod) – ATCC 2202, Escherichia coli (Gram-ve rod) – STD. 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae (clinical isolate) and Pseudomonas aeroginosa (Gram-ve rod) – ATCC 25852. Also Candida albicans ATCC EK138 was used as a fungal isolate. Methanol was used as the only solvent in the extraction. The in vitro antimicrobial activity was performed by agar disc diffusion method. The most susceptible Gram-positive bacteria was S. aureus (between 19.33-23.33mm), while the most susceptible Gram-negative bacteria was P. aeruginosa (14.66-19.33mm). All the extracts showed sufficient inhibitory activity to the test strains. The Gram positive strain (S. aureus) was more sensitive to the extracts (range 23.33-19.33mm) than the Gram negative strains (range 21.00-14.66mm). The mean inhibition value was between 15.997mm and 19.995mm. Statistical analysis revealed that Hyptis spicigera and Crotalaria quartiniana produced significantly different (P≤0.05) zones of inhibition in all...
Read More
