Posted by admin on May 31, 2023 in |
Antimicrobial resistance is a threat to public health. This study investigated the occurrence of ESBL and colistin resistance among Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa recovered from clinical samples (n=500) in a tertiary teaching hospital in Abakaliki, Nigeria. The samples were bacteriologically analyzed using selective culture media, biochemical tests, and PCR. All isolates were screened for ESBL and colistin resistance genes using both PCR and disk diffusion methods that included standard antibiotic disks for susceptibility studies. E. coli (n=173), K. pneumoniae (n=120) and P. aeruginosa (n=62) were recovered from the clinical samples investigated. The most prevalent ESBL genes detected is blaCTX-M found in 3 isolates of P. aeruginosa, 4 isolates of E. coli and 2 isolates of K. pneumoniae. The colistin resistance gene, mcr-3 was detected in 4 strains of E. coli for the first time in Southeast Nigeria. Both mcr-1 and mcr-3 was not detected in the K. pneumoniae strains. Only the mcr-2 colistin resistance genes were detected in K. pneumoniae strains. There was no detection of...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2023 in |
Background: Infections occur when viruses, bacteria, or microbes enter the body and multiply. Control of infection is achieved by using antibiotics; hence scrutiny of antibiotic prescribing patterns is an important aspect of quality and standards of clinical practice. Objective: To evaluate and analyse drug utilization and prescription pattern of antibiotics in various in-patient departments of the hospital to ensure safe and effective use. Methods and Material: A Retrospective Observational Study was carried out in 6 inpatient departments of Vivekananda General Hospital, Hubballi over a period of 1 year. A total of 993 prescriptions were collected, and the results were analyzed using MS Excel 2020, and SPSS 16.0. Results: This study reveals that the majority of patients belonging to the age group 41-60 years, received antibiotic therapy. Most patients were prescribed with antibiotic Ceftriaxone, 21.19% (n=402). Majority of the patients received antibiotics for Prophylactic treatment (44.65%). It was found that most of the patients were prescribed only one antibiotic (43.1%) whereas only 2.51% of patients were prescribed more than 4...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2023 in |
Plants are essential to the survival of every species on Earth. Animal and plant life have a history of mutual consumption since antiquity. Earth’s sole producers are plant is a fact. As researchers learn more about plants, this assumption is being challenged. The Rutaceae family’s citrus species Aegle marmelos (Bael), a well-known medicinal herb, has a lengthy study history. In addition to its useful nutrients, A. marmelos produces a wide range of secondary metabolites, or phytochemicals, during its whole life cycle. Roots, bark, stems, leaves, fruit, and flowers are all used by humans in some way or another obtained from the A. marmelos plant. Various phytochemical substances include various alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, coumarins, saponins, carbohydrates, carotenoids, terpenoids, vitamins, and tannins generated by A. marmelos plants. The main phytochemical compounds isolated from A. marmelos plant are aegelenine, fragrine, halfordinol, marmelide, marmelosin, marmesin, marmin, psoralen, umbelliferone, limonene, rutin, skimmianine, lupeol, quercetin, esculetin, scopoletin, auraptene, seselin, etc. These phytochemical compounds obtained from the A. marmelos plant parts are being used since...
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2023 in |
Naringin is a flavonoid isolated from different citrus fruits like Grapefruit, Orange, Pomelo, Lemon, etc, which are commonly called local fruit. Naringin is found in the white spongy portion of citrus peel. Its content varies from 0.65 mg/gm in the mandarin peel to 14.40mg/gm in the grapefruit peel. Naringin is metabolized to the flavanone naringenin by the enzyme Naringinase present in the liver. It can be analyzed by using various analytical techniques such as HPLC, TLC, UV, HPTLC, mass spectroscopy, Liquid chromatography, chiral chromatography and LC/Mass spectroscopy. Naringin can act as an antioxidant and scavenge free radicals. Naringin mainly focuses on in-vitro and in-vivo animal studies showing its beneficial effects on cardioprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, hypolipemiant, neurological, thermogenic, pulmonary disorders and antidiabetic. Naringin is also treated as a most promising treatment strategy against Covid-19 due to its antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects. Recently, Naringin has proven its activity in various molecular docking studies. Naringin keeps the body healthy against various illnesses and major lifestyle...
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2023 in |
Different-different modification of Benz-oxazole moiety gives various numbers of novel compounds which shows various biological activities. Some new derivatives (G7-G10) containing Benzoxazole moiety were prepared by the use of different methods and reagents. O- Phenylenediamine treated with Chloroacetic acid to form 2(chloro methyl) benzimidazole (compound B) and 4- methyl, 2- amino phenol with methyl alcohol and carbon di sulfide to form 2-thio, 5- methyl, benz-oxazole (compound G1). Further Compound B treated with (compound G1) to form [(benz-imidazole)-2-methyl thio]-5-methyl, benzoxazole (compound G2). Finally compound G2 treated with a substituted aldehyde to form benzoxazole derivatives (G7-G10). Compound spectral analysis was done by Infrared spectroscopy (IR), 1H-Nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR) & Liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LCMS). The serial Dilution method (MIC test) was used for anti-bacterial activity, and Alamar blue assay test was used for Anti-tubercular activity. Compounds G8 and G9 showed potent anti-tubercular activity against M. Tuberculosis, and Compounds G7, G8 and G10 were showed good antimicrobial...
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