Posted by admin on May 31, 2021 in |
Next-generation printing or commonly known as three-dimensional (3D) printing (3DP), is a fabrication process of construction of a 3D object using a computer-aided design or digital 3D model. The 3D object is created layer by layer by depositing, joining, or solidifying a feedstock material such as thermoplastic polymer under the control of a computer-designed program. It is considered the latest technology that has the potential to address complex medical and pharmaceutical problems, such as prototyping essential medical devices, equipment, and novel drug delivery systems. The ability of 3DP to produce medications with accurate specifications tailored to the needs of individual patients has indicated the possibility of developing personalized medicines. The technology allows dosage forms to be precisely printed in various shapes, sizes, and textures, in a limited time period. In spite of many potential medical and economic benefits of 3DP, some technical and regulatory challenges are associated with the widespread application of 3DPin the pharmaceutical sector; those need to be addressed by proper research so that the benefit of...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2021 in |
Aframomum melegueta (Alligator pepper) is a tropical plant that belongs to the Zingiberaceae (Ginger) family, consumed for its culinary and health benefits. This study investigated the therapeutic efficacy of ethanolic seed extract of Aframomum melegueta at ameliorating paraquat-induced ovarian toxicity in rat models. Thirty female Wistar rats were divided into control and five test groups (n=5). Group 1 (Control) received feed and water, while other groups (2-6) were treated orally and daily for 4 weeks as follows; group 2 (400 mg/kg b.w. of Aframomum meleguate seed extract); group 3 (200 mg/kg b.w. of Aframomum meleguate seed extract); group 4 (20 mg/kg b.w. of paraquat); group 5 (co-administration of 20 mg/kg b.w. of paraquat and 400 mg/kg b.w. of Aframomum meleguate seed extract); group 6 (co-administration of 20 mg/kg b.w. of paraquat and 200 mg/kg b.w. of Aframomum meleguate seed extract). At the end of the experiment, oxidative stress markers (malondi-aldehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)), estradiol levels, and histology of the ovaries were assessed. Data obtained were analyzed using...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2021 in |
The dry ginger rhizome was extracted with ethyl acetate, and gingerol content was enriched by liquid-liquid extraction. The extract was analyzed for the percentage of 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, 10-gingerol, and 6-shogaol by HPLC. The acute toxicity was evaluated as per OECD guidelines 423. Ginger extract was fed at 2000 mg/kg body weight to overnight fasted female rats (8-10 weeks old; 160-180 g). The animals were observed daily for clinical signs of abnormality/mortality. After 14 days, animals were sacrificed, and gross pathological changes were recorded. Sub-acute toxicity of ginger extract was studied by feeding the extract at 100, 500, and 1000 mg/kg daily to rats as per OECD guidelines 407. The total gingerols content in the purified viscous extract was 36-43%. The finished formulation of ginger extract used for the toxicity studies had 8% total gingerols. In the acute toxicity study, no mortality or clinical signs of toxicity were observed at a maximum recommended dose level of 2000 mg/kg; therefore, the LD50 is >2000 mg/kg in rats. The repeated administration of...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2021 in |
Objective: To evaluate the effect of some counterfeit anti-obesity drugs that are not licensed by the Ministry of Health. Materials and Methods: 100 male rats were divided into 10 groups. The first group received a normal diet for two months. The second group received a high-fat diet (HFD) for two months; the third group received HFD for one month then returned to a normal diet. The remaining seven groups received HFD for one month then treated with Orlistat, Turbo slim (dose 1), Turbo slim (dose 2), African mango (dose1), African mango (dose 2), Slim factor (dose 1), and Slim factor (dose 2) respectively for an additional one month. Bodyweight, glucose, insulin, leptin, adiponectin, MCP-1, reduced glutathione, MDA, lipid profile, kidney, and liver functions were measured. Adipose tissue index, atherosclerosis index, HOMA-IR, and QUICKI were calculated. Results: Feeding with HFD induced a significant increase in body weight as well as insulin resistance, serum lipids, serum leptin, plasma MCP-1, and tissue MDA and a significant decrease in serum adiponectin and tissue...
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2021 in |
Urolithiasis is the most prevalent urinary tract disorder in males. Alfuzosin is a selective antagonist of post-synaptic α1a adrenoceptor, causing relaxation of smooth muscle in the bladder and prostate, which results in an improvement of urine flow and prevents ureter stones. The present study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Alfuzosin on rats as a preventive and curative agent against the development of urolithiasis. Urolithiasis was induced by oral administration of 0.75% v/v ethylene glycol and 2% w/v ammonium chloride in drinking water for 15 days in rats. Ethylene glycol feeding resulted in hyperoxaluria and a significant (p<0.001) increased in urinary calcium, phosphate, and serum creatinine, uric acid levels. By oral administration of Alfuzosin at the dose of 1 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg for 15 days as a preventive regimen and from 8th day to 15th day as a curative regimen, significantly (P<0.01) reduced the calcium, phosphate, creatinine and uric acid levels in rats. The histopathological studies showed the disrupted renal parenchyma, degenerative changes in glomeruli, calcification in...
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