Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2016 in |
The brachial plexus block(BPB) has gained importance as regional anaesthetic technique for upper limb surgery. The primary aim of our study was to evaluate the addition of intravenous dexmedetomidine before BPB on overall patient satisfaction and sucess with objective of comparing the onset and duration of block, haemodynamic stability and sedation score. A randomized double blind prospective study was carried out on seventy patients of ASA grade I to III of either sex aged between 18 – 65 years scheduled for upper limb orthopaedic surgeries under BPB Who were randomly allocated into two groups: Group D (Dexmedetomedine) received Inj dexmedetomidine 1 µg/kg in intravenous 100 ml saline and Group P (Placebo) received intravenous 100 ml saline started 10 min before block. Onset and duration of block, quality of block, Haemodynamic variables, time to first rescue analgesics in post-op period, Sedation score, VAS score and Incidence of side effects and complications were recorded. Statistical analysis was done using Graph pad software. Hemodynamic variables, sedation score and satisfaction scores were analyzed...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2016 in |
In the present investigation phenolic contents and antioxidant potential of Barleria prionitis L. leaf and stem extracts were analyzed by in vitro antioxidant assays and RP-HPLC method. The results indicated that high amount of total phenolics were present in acetone extracts of leaf (20.22±0.57 mg of GAE/g) and stem (21.19±1.25 mg of GAE/g). Highest flavonoid content was observed in ethanolic (44.23±2.82 mg of RE/g) and acetone extracts (44.94±0.85 mg of RE/g) of leaf, while stem extracts were poor in flavonoid contents. RP-HPLC method for determination of specific phenolic compounds was reported for the first time in B. prionitis L. Out of the phenolic compounds tested, Gallic acid was most common and more abundantly present in both leaf and stem of B. prionitis L. Aqueous extract of leaf showed highest extraction capacity for Gallic acid (211.70 μg/g) and Catechol (112.57 μg/g), while Caffeic acid (37.74 μg/g) and p-Coumaric acid (48.66 μg/g) were highest in methanolic extract. The present study indicated strong influence of extraction solvents and plant parts on antioxidant...
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2016 in |
Ropivacaine is a promising drug for subarachnoid block because of its lower cardiotoxic and neurotoxic potential, but onset and duration of anaesthesia is also low and motor block is often insufficient which may lead to use of its higher doses. The aim of this randomized double-blinded study was to see whether the addition of small dose clonidine to small dose ropivacaine for spinal anesthesia prolonged the duration of postoperative analgesia while minimizing the side effects associated with higher doses of ropivacaine. We randomized 60 patients to 2 groups receiving intrathecal isobaric ropivacaine 18 mg (2.4 ml) combined with normal saline (Group R) or clonidine 30 μg (Group RC); all solutions were diluted with saline to 2.6 ml. We compared block characterstics, hemodynamic changes, post-operative analgesia and adverse effects of both the groups. Results showed that clonidine not only significantly reduced the onset time both of sensory and motor block, but also prolonged the duration. Hypotension and bradycardia was more with clonidine group during first hour. The addition of clonidine...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2015 in |
Free radical scavenging potential and phytochemical analysis of the two different extracts of lyophilized wheat seedling juice powder (WSJP) Triticum aestivum L.(Gramineae),“Nature’s Finest Medicine” was evaluated in vitro by using diphenyl-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay and preliminary phytochemical analysis. In this method the antioxidants present in WSJP extracts reacted with DPPH, which is a stable free radical and converted it to 1,1-diphenyl-1,2-picryl, hydrazine. The scavenging effect of plant extracts and standard (L-ascorbic acid) on the DPPH radical decreased in the following order: L-ascorbic acid>Methanolic extract (I) > Water extract (II) and it was found to be 97.3%, 58.6% and 35.1% at concentration of 100µg/mL, respectively. The results were expressed as IC50. Ascorbic acid which was used as a standard showed an IC50 of 19.2µg/mL, whereas, the crude methanolic (I) and water (II) extracts of lyophilized wheat seedlings juice powder showed antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 81.4 and131.3, respectively at 1-100µg/mL concentration. None of the extracts were found to be more active than the standard i.e. ascorbic acid. But still, free...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2015 in |
Various drugs are available these days, which may either require long term administration via multiple doses or may be susceptible to enzymes and first pass-metabolism or all the above. One way to administer such drugs is through the transdermal route. After a transdermal delivery system is designed, it is important to evaluate it for various essential parameters that help us determine how effective it is, i.e. its physiochemical parameters, which describe the physical and some of the chemical properties of the patch and it’s in-vitro parameters, which would mimic how the patch would behave on exposure to real time conditions On the body. This article briefly reviews the ideal characters for choosing this mode of drug delivery, its advantages and provides an in-depth analysis of the techniques used to physio-chemically evaluate the delivery system’s important parameters and also the conditions that help understand the systems behavior in a real time...
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