Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2016 in |
Ropivacaine is a promising drug for subarachnoid block because of its lower cardiotoxic and neurotoxic potential, but onset and duration of anaesthesia is also low and motor block is often insufficient which may lead to use of its higher doses. The aim of this randomized double-blinded study was to see whether the addition of small dose clonidine to small dose ropivacaine for spinal anesthesia prolonged the duration of postoperative analgesia while minimizing the side effects associated with higher doses of ropivacaine. We randomized 60 patients to 2 groups receiving intrathecal isobaric ropivacaine 18 mg (2.4 ml) combined with normal saline (Group R) or clonidine 30 μg (Group RC); all solutions were diluted with saline to 2.6 ml. We compared block characterstics, hemodynamic changes, post-operative analgesia and adverse effects of both the groups. Results showed that clonidine not only significantly reduced the onset time both of sensory and motor block, but also prolonged the duration. Hypotension and bradycardia was more with clonidine group during first hour. The addition of clonidine...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2015 in |
Free radical scavenging potential and phytochemical analysis of the two different extracts of lyophilized wheat seedling juice powder (WSJP) Triticum aestivum L.(Gramineae),“Nature’s Finest Medicine” was evaluated in vitro by using diphenyl-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay and preliminary phytochemical analysis. In this method the antioxidants present in WSJP extracts reacted with DPPH, which is a stable free radical and converted it to 1,1-diphenyl-1,2-picryl, hydrazine. The scavenging effect of plant extracts and standard (L-ascorbic acid) on the DPPH radical decreased in the following order: L-ascorbic acid>Methanolic extract (I) > Water extract (II) and it was found to be 97.3%, 58.6% and 35.1% at concentration of 100µg/mL, respectively. The results were expressed as IC50. Ascorbic acid which was used as a standard showed an IC50 of 19.2µg/mL, whereas, the crude methanolic (I) and water (II) extracts of lyophilized wheat seedlings juice powder showed antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 81.4 and131.3, respectively at 1-100µg/mL concentration. None of the extracts were found to be more active than the standard i.e. ascorbic acid. But still, free...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2015 in |
Various drugs are available these days, which may either require long term administration via multiple doses or may be susceptible to enzymes and first pass-metabolism or all the above. One way to administer such drugs is through the transdermal route. After a transdermal delivery system is designed, it is important to evaluate it for various essential parameters that help us determine how effective it is, i.e. its physiochemical parameters, which describe the physical and some of the chemical properties of the patch and it’s in-vitro parameters, which would mimic how the patch would behave on exposure to real time conditions On the body. This article briefly reviews the ideal characters for choosing this mode of drug delivery, its advantages and provides an in-depth analysis of the techniques used to physio-chemically evaluate the delivery system’s important parameters and also the conditions that help understand the systems behavior in a real time...
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Posted by admin on Feb 25, 2015 in |
The investigation of terrestrial plants origin aimed at searching new natural biologically active compounds is a central issue of this kind of studies, through structure elucidation combined with biological tests. We investigated the biologically active secondary metabolites from Leucas lavandulaefolia towards various effects on the behavior of Aphanomyces cochlioides zoospores and with antimicrobial activity. We purified the following compounds acacetin, chrysoeriol, luteolin, acacetin 7-O-β-D-glucuronide, acetoside, isoacetoside, salicylic acid and caffeic acid. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses and compared with those of the reported data. Five compounds (luteolin, acacetin 7-O-β-D-glucuronide, acetoside, isoacetoside, and salicylic acid) were isolated from L. lavandulaefolia for the first time ever. It was found that luteolin showed a strong attractant and encystment activity toward zoospores of the phytopathogenic fungus A. cochlioides zoospores. Chrysoeriol also showed an attractant activity towards A. cochlioides zoospores. This is the first research report of L. lavandulaefolia regarding zoospores bioassay. Antibacterial assay on these compounds indicated that they have antimicrobial activity against the tested bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus....
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2014 in |
An attempt was made to study the anti MRSA and antitubercularactivity of Streptomyces sp. BCA1 isolated from Borra Caves soil. In agar plug method, strain BCA1 showed 12-17 mm inhibition against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria, including MRSA. Crude pigment produced from strain BCA1 by agar surface fermentation showed 15 – 17 mm inhibition in disc diffusion method against bacterial pathogens. In luciferase reporter phage (LRP) assay the crude pigment showed more than 80% reduction against standard strain M. tuberculosis H37Rv, drug sensitive and multi drug resistant (MDR) clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis. Active pigment was separated by TLC and its activity was confirmed by bioassay guided fractionation. The MIC value of the purified pigment against bacterial pathogens ranged between 6.25 and 50µg/ml. MIC value for M. tuberculosis H37Rv and drug sensitive clinical isolate was found to be 6.25 µg/ ml while that of MDR M. tuberculosis isolate was 25 µg/ ml. The solubility of purified pigment in acid and alkali as well as the appearance of absorption...
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