Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2021 in |
In recent years, the nasal route is gaining increasing importance for systemic administration of drugs and targeting to brain. The drug delivery to the brain is limited due to several factors, including presence of blood-brain barrier, enzymatic degradation, and efflux of drug by P-glycoprotein. Nasal route is employed to target the brain using various direct pathways via nasal mucosa and to bypass blood-brain barrier. The nasal route has limitations like small surface area, possibility of nasal irritation, and low volumes of administration. Various strategies have been employed in order to enhance nasal absorption and drug uptake in the brain. Nanotechnology-based formulations is one of the most investigated approaches in recent years for effective brain targeting. Lipid-based nanocarriers serve as a promising strategy owing to their ability to facilitate drug permeation through the nasal mucosa and reduce drug efflux by the blood-brain barrier by inhibiting efflux transporters. This review summarizes nose to brain drug transport pathways, mechanism of nasal absorption, various strategies used to improve nasal absorption, and a detailed...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2021 in |
Ayurveda (Indian system of medicine) chikitsapaddhati treats the patient with herbal, animal, and mineral drugs. Among the three, plant-based products acquire prime importance because of their wide utility and negligible side effects. Various parts of the plant are used solely or in different formulations. Niryasaor exudate broadly includes all types of secretory products like gum, resins and sometimes latex. From immemorial period niryasais being used in numerous disease conditions in Ayurveda but it is left unexplored so far. Hence, an effort is made to enlighten the path towards niryasa. Source, type of exudate, Rasa, Guna, Veerya, Vipaka and karma of several niryasa like Hingu, Dikamali, Srivesthaka, Dhava, Kankusttha, Vamshalochana, Garjanataila, Bola, Laksha, Bhimseni Kapoor, Aloe, Kunduru, Rala, Palasha, Khadira, Guggulu, Shigru, Rumimastagi, Sarja, Karpura, Gond kateera, Nimbaniryasa, Babbula, Arimeda, Mocharasa, Beejakaniryasa, Shilarasa, Tailaparni, Lobana, Charasand Raktaniryasaare tabulated as per available description in classics. Botanical identity along with illustration regarding exudate collection of above plants is catalogued based on published data from authorized journals. Apart from medicinal significance theyare also...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2021 in |
A Novel virus, coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), in 2019 from Wuhan, China which is globally expanded, causing the severe acute respiratory syndrome. Coronavirus is transmitted human to animal or human to human through airborne droplets. Coronavirus causes respiratory infections like pneumonia, cold, sneezing and coughing, while in animals, it causes diarrhoea and upper respiratory diseases. The virus outbreak has been declared a public health emergency of international concern by the World Health Organization (WHO), Since Covid -19 rapidly spread throughout the world from the Hunan seafood market at Wuhan, South China. The virus enters into the human cell through the membrane ACE-2 exopeptidase receptor. WHO and ECDC guided to stay away from a public place and close contact with contaminated individuals and pets. Coronavirus (2019-CoV), first and foremost, was isolated on 7th January 2020 at Wuhan market China. Here we have encapsulated the current clinical features data to guide budding Covid-19 about the Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatments and Prevention. Throughout the world, the disease has caused a range of degrees of...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2021 in |
Microorganisms that live their life in places with high salt concentrations are known as Halophiles. Halophilic bacteria play a majority role in hypersaline environments than other microorganisms. These Halophiles are having intense strategies of adaptation and tolerate them to sustain their survival in the saline extreme, such adaptation in hypersaline environments makes them to give unique attention to the researcher for their biological properties. The diversity of halophiles bacteria incorporates aerobic and anaerobic phototrophs, aerobic heterotrophs, fermenters, denitrifies, sulfate reducers, and methanogens. The biotechnological important of the halophilic bacteria, such as producing a Novel bioactive compounds, industrially important enzyme, Bio-surfactants, Stabilizers Exopolysacharides, Probiotics etc. Secondary metabolites are organic compounds produced by bacteria, fungi, or plants which are not directly involved in the normal growth, development, or reproduction of the organism. Some common examples of secondary metabolites include ergot alkaloids, antibiotics, naphthalenes, nucleosides, phenazines, quinolines, terpenoids, peptides, and growth...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2021 in |
Herbal medicine is the source of primary health care due to its cultural acceptability and better compatibility with the human body and lesser side effects. Resha-e-Makka (Zea mays) is an important medicinal plant in the Unani system of medicine (USM) due to its multiple therapeutic properties. The review has been reviewed, compiled, and analyzed using references from major databases like classical text and indexed journals. The plant is known to treat different systemic ailments due to the presence of Saponins 3%, Alkaloid, Bitter glycoside, Stearic acids, Tannins, Amine 0.05% etc. In USM, the pharmacological actions of Resha-e-Makka are anti-inflammatory, diuretic, Lithtontroptic, astringent, muhallil Balgham, etc. Zea mays is reported for its antibacterial, anti microbial, anti-deperssant, anti-diabetic, hypolipidemic, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, antimalarial, antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, etc. activity. The review explores the pharmacological, phytochemical, and therapeutic properties of Zea mays Lin. Many pharmacological activities mentioned in Unani medicine are validated and many activities need further exploration due to the immense therapeutic scope in this...
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