Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2021 in |
Excessive heterogeneity in the phenotypic expression of drug treatment response and adverse drug reaction is resolute by a complex interaction of multiple hereditary variants and environmental aspects. The complex nature of treatment response greatly increases the need for personalized medicine. Drug metabolizing enzymes show monogenic genetic polymorphism and influence drug response. Cytochrome P450 enzymes have clinically relevant variation in their effects. Understanding the genome, proteome, plus metabolic pathways have improved drug development. The application of pharmacogenomics, the use of biomarkers, the molecular system approach, and metabolomics technology will certainly help in the development of personalized medicine. Proteomic technology requires further development for analyzing a massive amount of genes and protein profile data. There is the need to cheer a paradigm shift from traditional medical practices to personalized medicine. Due to the high prevalence of inherited genetic disorders and non-communicable diseases, personalized medicine has its own significance. It aims to enhance awareness, motivation, and sincere efforts towards better and...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2021 in |
Spices, nature’s gift to mankind are the reservoir of secondary metabolites – alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, glycerides, sulfides, and other oxygen/nitrogen compounds that can effectively treat viral infections, bacterial infections, and respiratory problems. Since ancient days they have been used for its anti-inflammatory, carminative, antioxidant, anti-clotting, anti-microbial, anti-pyretic, and cardiotonic properties. In search of identifying a natural therapy for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infections, this review investigates the pharmacological nature of some commonly used spices (ajwain, asafoetida, black pepper, cinnamon, clove, coriander, fenugreek, garlic, ginger, long pepper and turmeric) with special reference to the mechanism of vasodilatory property. Among the selected commonly used spices, turmeric and ginger especially have been reported to alter the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to exert its vasodilatory property. The study could lead to a novel exploration of vaccines/drugs aided with a detailed investigation of individual bioactive compounds as well as their synergic...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2021 in |
Envenoming and deaths resulting from snakebites are particularly important public health problems in the rural tropics. Snake envenomation is included since 2009 in the World Health Organization (WHO) list of Neglected Tropical Diseases, as this condition remains largely neglected by national and international health authorities. The only available specific treatment is antivenom therapy, which consists of a pool of neutralizing immunoglobulins purified from the plasma of animals that are hyperimmunized against snake venom and specific toxins. However, the antivenom has some limitations, such as the poor ability to treat local effects, risk of immunological reactions, high cost, and difficult access in some regions. Therefore, the search for complementary therapies to treat snakebites is relevant, and the use of medicinal plants against snakebites is a historical practice throughout human history, and this knowledge has been transferred among the rural communities from generation to generation. Though tribal groups, forest dwellers, and rural people possess unique knowledge about plants and their uses, they are dwindling in number, and the younger generation is...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2021 in |
Coronaviruses wrapped with the layers of positive-sense RNA viruses specified by the club-like projections from their surface responsible for a variety of diseases in the animal kingdom. After the two historical episodes of coronaviruses i.e., severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2002 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012, this time world strike with its highly pathogenic form which is severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a viral cascade event that starts from Wuhan in December 2019 and becomes a public health emergency of global interest as declared by the World Health Organization. Primarily, bats became an identifiable source of SARS-CoV-2 and their transmission to humans has occured through an unknown intermediate source. Present situation depicts that more than 200+ countries are suffering from the deadly attack of SARS-CoV-2. This virus is dangerous for every age group because of its asymptomatic carrier state that results in acute respiratory diseases. Escalation of this virus occurs very easily through human-to-human transmission via droplets...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2021 in |
The motivation behind composing this review on floating drug delivery systems (FDDS) was to incorporate the ongoing research article with a unique spotlight on the key system of floatation to accomplish gastric maintenance. The ongoing advancements of FDDS, including the physiological and formulation factors influencing gastric maintenance, ways to deal with configuration single-unit, and numerous unit of floating drug delivery systems, and their grouping and formulations perspectives are canvassed in detail. This review has a special focus on the principal mechanism of floatation to achieve gastric retention. Conventional oral dosage forms have short residence times & unpredictable gastric emptying time. The idea of gastric retention comes from the need to localize drugs at a specific region of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), such as the stomach in the body. Many drugs get absorbed only in the upper intestinal tract, designing such molecules as once-daily formulations are exclusive for these molecules. Thus, gastro retention could help to provide greater availability of new products and consequently improved therapeutic activity and substantial benefits...
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