Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2021 in |
The removal of metals by the use of microbes is known as bioleaching in terms of oxidation or degradation of metal from complex raw materials or depots. Such microbial oxidation or bio-removal occurs in terms of sulphur degradation and oxidation (for example, sulphur oxidation, iron oxidation etc.). This process is thus known as bioleaching, which is related to the all metal oxidation processes like sulphur oxidation or iron oxidation. These microbes are mild, moderately thermophilic, iron-mineral, sulphur oxidizing bacteria, and extremely thermophilic. The iron bacterium occurs in nature in different genera viz. Thiobacillus ferroxidans, Leptospirillum ferroxidans, Ferrovum myxofaciens and Acidiphilium or Acidithiobacillus. These microbes are the source of enzymes and metabolites which are of industrial significance. The commercial exploitation of such features of iron bacterial consortia may be utilized in water treatment for the removal of iron. The use of such microbes via fermentation technology may be fruitful in the removal of iron from water. Few studies have been done in this aspect. The hypothesis of this concept, although...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2021 in |
The outbreak of a novel coronavirus 2019 was traced back in China in late 2019, followed by their worldwide transmission as a pandemic. From January to August 2020, a total of 1,724 papers were published, where 125 were only published in August 2020, demonstrating the importance and need for current awareness and research to overcome this deleterious virus. This paper briefly highlighted the major characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 in detail, including; a brief history of coronavirus, various transmission routes, range of mild to severe symptoms, available diagnostic tests, treatment options, measures for infection control and prevention, and particular emphasis on self-acceptance and upholding to face mask-wearing. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is limitless and has affected all the nation throughout the horizon; the voyage is indeed hard but not impossible to overcome. However, it is the responsibility of each and every individual to be cautious, know, and understand their role in this difficult situation. To conclude, due to the lack of cohesive data, this review has collated the...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2021 in |
There is a new public health crisis threatening the world with the emergence and spread of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which invades cells through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. SARS-CoV-2 shares 82% genome sequence similarity to SARS-CoV and 50% genome sequence homology to Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV); all three coronaviruses are known to cause severe respiratory symptoms. Cancer patients are more susceptible to infections than healthy persons because of their systemic immunosuppressive state caused by the malignancy and anticancer treatments, such as chemotherapy or surgery. Therefore, these patients might be at increased risk of COVID-19. The level of ACE2 expression may play a role in the risk of reporting COVID-19 infection and the risk of developing more severe forms of the disease in cancer patients the disease in cancer patients. Treatment is essentially supportive; the role of antiviral agents is yet to be established. Prevention entails home isolation of suspected cases...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2021 in |
Wound healing is a complex and dynamic physiological process that occurs by a sequence of interrelated molecular events that should work together in a proper manner and time to restore cellular function and tissue integrity. These physiological phases occur efficiently in normal healthy volunteers and/or under normal conditions. But, in some cases, these events are retarded, which results in hard-to-heal or chronic wounds. Each year the number of individuals suffering from chronic wounds is increasing. They delayed wound healing results in the infected wound, which triggers the inflammatory reaction making the situation more complicated. So, one of the main challenges for wound care society is to formulate an optimum wound care product that will reduce the healing time as well as it will provide protection from infection. Though many types of traditional wound dressings are available, but with various limitations like more wound healing time, scar formations, skin irritations. Since, a wound can be experienced by an individual anytime from birth to death; proper wound care products should exist. ...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2021 in |
Psoriasis is a skin disorder marked with inflammation. The development and progression of the disease are associated with a chronic inflammatory response, which is attributed to the dysregulated innate immune system. The dendritic cells and T cells secrete various cytokines leading to disturbances in the keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. Several medications are available for the mitigation of psoriasis. The currently used anti-psoriatic medications are expensive; carry the threat of serious side-effects and frequent remission attacks of the disease. Exploring safer and effective anti-psoriatic drugs remains still a major concern. Natural products represent important treatment options for psoriasis. This review article discusses studies related to the topical formulations of anti-psoriatic plants and plant products. The pathogenesis and clinical symptoms of psoriasis include multiple immunological mechanisms and pro-inflammatory cytokines. The review aims to summarize the research done in this area and to explain the mechanism of action of herbal medicines. The review article is aimed at opening new medical approaches for treating psoriasis. All the findings suggested that various herbal constituents are responsible for anti-psoriatic activity. Herbal...
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