Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2021 in |
The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in the wholesale market in Wuhan, China in the last months of 2019 and spread to almost all countries of the world. Although several vaccines have already been developed in different countries of the world, there is currently no specific treatment for COVID-19. Some agents are used all over the world based on in-vitro, in-vivo studies, and randomized controlled studies. The number of studies on antiviral therapy has been increasing day by day. However, the efficacy of antiviral drugs for COVID-19 remains controversial. In this review, brief information about antiviral drugs favipiravir and remdesivir used for the treatment of COVID-19, the results of the conducted studies, and the possible adverse effects of these drugs are summarized. We hope that this review will provide an impression of favipiravir and remdesivir used to treat and control COVID-19 patients until the approval of specific drugs that target...
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2021 in |
The lymphatic system is the subpart of the systemic circulation for maintaining immune function; this system is mainly known as a drainage system to removes foreign bodies. This system consists of various lymphoid organs and tissues. The lymphatic system based on physiological function as absorption and micro-particulate uptake by these routes the bioavailability and efficacy were enhanced and undergone hepatic first-pass metabolism. The Lymphatic system is mainly used for the targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic agents; they also are modified for partial uptake into the lymphatic system to improve efficacy with the reduced systemic distribution. The anatomy and physiology of the lymphatic system, route of administration, physiochemical properties of drug carriers, and model for lymphatic uptake are also assessed; the novel system reviewed are SLN (solid lipid nanoparticle), liposomes, self-emulsifying system, polymeric micelles, dendrimers, carbon nanotube, hybrid nano-system, mesoporous silica nanoparticle. Lymphatic delivery employed various nanocarriers with the latest technology for various diseases to get a better therapeutic...
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2021 in |
The World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID -19 a pandemic on March 11 2020. As of today, there have been 122 million COVID -19-update cases worldwide, and the counting goes on. Unfortunately, strategic measures such as total lockdown, social and self-isolation, and gradual lifting of some of these restrictions both pose economic, social, and psychological distress and are thought to have affected people more than the virus itself. There is no specific antiviral drug available at this time. However, there are currently five main vaccines on the market that aim to protect the population from contracting the coronavirus. Moderna, Pfizer/BioNTech, Oxford/AstraZeneca, Sputnil V, and Sinopharm vaccines are among those included. Furthermore, developing an effective medication that is reliable for the treatment may be more effective, but it is more difficult. To accomplish this, molecular bio-interaction, virulence, clinical, and pathological features of COVID -19 viruses must be clearly understood. Additionally, the designation of potential antiviral drugs in the form of nanomedicines will optimize the therapeutic outcome and improve the quality of...
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2021 in |
Biosimilars are the most promising medicines for treating complex diseases. The first biosimilar was approved in India in 2000, and since then, there is no looking back. CDSCO in collaboration with DBT has developed new guidelines in 2012, which were revised in 2016 for pre and post-marketing approval of biosimilars in India. India is one of the leading manufacturers of biosimilars catering to domestic and international market. Soon it will have a vast opportunity to develop more similar biologics as the patent of many biologics is scheduled to expire by the year 2020. India has emerged well in global market of biosimilars. India started its journey with near about US$ 250 million biosimilar market in 2015 and it is estimated to reach around US$ 40 billion in India while US$ 240 billion in world by 2030. Biosimilars are the boon in treating...
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2021 in |
Cancer, according to WHO, is a generic terminology for a group of diseases that are characterized by abnormal growth of cells. This uncontrolled, abnormal growth is beyond the natural boundaries of normal cell growth, which can then metastasize to adjoining or distant sites of the body and/or to the organs. Cancer is the second most leading cause of mortality and has resulted in 9.8 million deaths in 2018 alone. Efforts to explore newer anticancer drugs have significantly increased in recent years. Appropriate preclinical experimental screening models can help us apprehend the pathogenesis, complications, and testing of various therapeutic agents. Both in-vitro, as well as in-vivo models are available for the screening of compounds. A preclinical screening model should have a high sensitivity and reproducibility. This review summarizes some conventional as well as newer experimental screening models used for preclinical screening of test compounds for the treatment of...
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