Posted by admin on May 31, 2016 in |
Preformulation is a group of studies that focus on the physicochemical properties of a new drug candidate that could affect the drug performance and the development of a dosage form. This could provide important information for formulation design or support the need for molecular modification. Every drug has intrinsic chemical and physical properties which has been consider before development of pharmaceutical formulation. This property provides the framework for drugs combination with pharmaceutical ingredients in the fabrication of dosage form. Objective of preformulation study is to develop the elegant, stable, effective and safe dosage form by establishing kinetic rate profile, compatibility with the other ingredients and establish Physico-chemical parameter of new drug substances. Among these properties, drug solubility, partition coefficient, dissolution rate, polymorphic forms and stability are plays important role in preformulation study. Polymorphism having crystal and amorphous forms shows different chemical physical and therapeutic description of the drug molecule. This article explains some properties and techniques for preformulation evaluation parameters of...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2016 in |
A transdermal patch is a medicated adhesive patch that is placed on the skin to deliver a specific dose of medication through the skin and into the bloodstream. Often, this promotes healing to an injured area of the body. An advantage of a transdermal drug delivery route over other types of medication delivery such as oral, topical, intravenous, intramuscular, etc. is that the patch provides a controlled release of the medication into the patient, usually through either a porous membrane covering a reservoir of medication or through body heat melting thin layers of medication embedded in the adhesive. Transdermal drug delivery offers controlled release of the drug into the patient, it enables a steady blood level profile, resulting in reduced systemic side effects and, sometimes, improved efficacy over other dosage forms. The main objective of transdermal drug delivery system is to deliver drugs into systemic circulation through skin at predetermined rate with minimal inter and intrapatient...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2016 in |
Osmosis is physical phenomenon that has been comprehensively studied by scientist in various disciplines of science and engineering. Osmotic devices are the most promising strategy based system for controlled delivery of drug. Conventional drug delivery has little control over their drug release and almost no control over the effective concentration at the target site. This kind of dosing pattern may result in fluctuation in plasma concentration. Drug can be delivered in a controlled over a long period of time by the process of osmosis. Osmotic pump offers much compensation over other controlled release devices i.e. they improve patient compliance with reduced dosing frequency and are easy to formulate and prolong therapeutic effect with uniform blood concentration. They are most reliable controlled drug delivery system is not influenced by different physiological factor with in the gut lumen and the release characteristics can be predicted easily from the properties of the drug and the doses form. In this paper, various type of osmotically controlled pump with basic component and factor affecting...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2016 in |
This review article investigates the prevalent existence of suicide along with its risk factors and contributing factors leading to the culmination of them all, in an attempt to look behind the black curtain. Suicide is the result of an unbalanced scale between the good and bad. Every year 300,000 teenagers attempt and succeed at suicide worldwide. A set of emotions and unpleasant thoughts develop in a person’s mind. The consequences of such ideas resulted in suicide becoming one of the leading causes of death in adolescents worldwide. Suicide is multi factorial in nature and is still under study, but this review explores mainly the etiological factors, including social, economical, psychological, biological and physical factors. Increasing the awareness campaign to educate people on suicide would return as a decreased suicidal number. It is our job as humans to help to decrease these heart shaking losses by suicide. This can be done through offering help and support, and seeking out professional help. This is an integral step toward the recovery of...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2016 in |
Diabetes Mellitus (DM), a global health care problem has been a burden to the socioeconomic society. The increasing incidence highlights the need for innovative approaches for the prevention and management, despite availability of various therapies for managing disease and its complications. There are several factors that seem to play a role in development of DM including genetic, lifestyle, environmental and nutritional conditions. Amongst nutritional factors, Vitamin D is likely to have an important role either in glycemic control or in attenuating diabetic complications. Vitamin D, an excellent marker of ‘good’ health has role in varied functions. Many of the epidemiologic studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased risk of chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, autoimmune diseases and multiple sclerosis. Calcitriol (Vitamin D3) has reported to alter glycemic control and with some evidences pointing to its role in development of DM. Many studies done in past could not give conclusive association, hence benefit of supplementation of Vitamin D in DM patients...
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