Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2015 in |
Recently white mulberry has attracted a lot of interest as source of bioactive constituents used in phytopharmacy and in functional food formulation. In practice, active compounds are separated from plant material by extraction process using different solvents and extraction conditions. The most commonly solvents used for extraction are water, ethanol, methanol, acetone, ether and their mixtures. The extraction yield can be improved by the use of high temperature, high pressure, pulse electric field, sonication and microwave treatment. The effects of solvent concentration, solvent/plant material ratio, extraction temperature and extraction time are here discussed. This review intends to summarize and discuss the biological activities of mulberry extracts with regards to prevention and treatment of civilization diseases. The effect of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, anthocyanins, glycosides, terpenoides, enzyme inhibitors and other substances on human health are presented. The mechanisms of anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, anti-microbial, and antidiabetic effects are here discussed. It has also showed the protective effect of active compounds isolated from white mulberry on cardio-vascular and neurodegenerative...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2015 in |
Turmeric is a spice obtained from the dried rhizomes of Curcuma longa, family Zingiberaceae. It has been extensively used in traditional Indian (Ayurveda) and Chinese medicine for various ailments such as anti-inflammatory, blood purifier and even as a cosmetic. Curcumin, the chief constituent in turmeric has been isolated centuries ago, has been found to have a wide range of pharmacological actions such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial and much more. Thus curcumin and its analogues have immense therapeutic potential for use in rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease, cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, HIV-I and Alzheimer’s disease. Phase I clinical studies have shown that high doses of curcumin is well tolerated in man. Despite its safety, curcumin still evades clinical use due to poor bioavailability. Novel formulations of curcumin with piperine, soluble fibres of fenugreek, liposomes, micelles, nanoparticles, cyclodextrin and turmerone have shown enhanced bioavailability to some extent, each one having its own limitations. Recent formulation of curcuminoid with 45% turmerone seems to be promising. Further research in this direction is imperative...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2015 in |
Herbal medicine is gaining popularity once again and there is an increased interest in green medicine simply because it is considered as safe. Traditionally also plants and plant extracts were used to cure many diseases and disorders. However, before usage it is of utmost important to ensure its safety. The extract may be therapeutically very efficient but if it’s toxicity assessment is not worked out, it will not be accepted. Hence, toxicity assessment of plants with proven therapeutic use is of utmost important. Toxicity data are required to predict the safety associated before the use of medical products. In the present review, parameters required to be analyzed in acute, sub acute and chronic toxicity are discussed with their relevant importance. In the end ninty eight plants whose toxicity is worked out are listed along with their botanical name, family, ethnomedicinal uses, part used, solvent used, safety levels, dose levels used, route of administration, LD50 values and references. Researchers who wish to work on some pharmacological activity can directly choose...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2015 in |
In the recent years there is new development in field of colon specific drug delivery system. The colon is the terminal part of the GIT which has gained as a potential site for delivery of various novel therapeutic drugs. The colon is a site where both local and systemic delivery of drugs can take place. Local delivery allows topical treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, etc. However, treatment can be made effective if the drugs can be targeted directly into the colon, thereby reducing the systemic side effects. It also plays vital role in systemic delivery of proteins, therapeutic peptides, anti-asthmatic drugs, antihypertensive drugs and anti-diabetic agents. This review article discusses introduction of colon, need and Primary approaches for CDDS (Colon Specific Drug Delivery), which includes prodrugs, pH and time dependent systems and microbially triggered drug delivery system. Newly developed CDDS, which includes pressure controlled colonic delivery capsules (PCDCS), CODE and osmotic controlled drug delivery and also focuses on evaluations of Colon targeted drug delivery in...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2015 in |
The term Hydrotherapy refers to a process which uses water at any temperature or forms to relieve pain and treat illness. This review describes about various conditions of water treatments. Hydrotherapy may help treat various conditions, including arthritis, stomach issues, sleep disorders, stress and depression. The theory behind hydrotherapy is that water has healing properties that can relieve various ailments and conditions. In its different forms—ice, liquid, and steam—water is a versatile treatment method. Water cure therapies includes enema therapy, gel therapy etc, which includes colonic hydrotropy, sitz bath, hydro-massage, wraps and compress methods. Recently we have a number of hydrotherapy treatments available which includes personal infrared sauna rooms and peat bath rooms. These are useful in pregnancy, heart or lung conditions, diabetes, neuropathy, high fever, acute headache, surgical implants, seizure disorders etc. Cryotherapy, cold water immersion or ice bath is a new form of hydrotherapy used by physical therapists, sports medicine facilities and rehab...
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