Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2015 in |
Impurity profiling is the process of evaluating data for the biological safety of an individual impurity. Impurity profiling has gained utmost importance due to the fact that unidentified impurities present in the pharmaceutical formulations may prove hazardous to human health on consumption. Impurities in pharmaceuticals are unwanted compounds that remain or those that are present during the formulation of drugs. A number of regulatory agencies like USFDA, ICH and Canadian Drug and Health Agency are emphasizing on the purity requirements as well as identification of impurities in active pharmaceutical ingredients. Impurity profiling, helps in the detection, identification, and quantification of various types of impurities present in pharmaceutical formulations. Identification of impurities can be done by using either chromatographic or spectroscopic techniques alone or by combination of both. A number of methods have been used for detecting and characterizing impurities using HPLC, HPTLC, AAS, TLC, etc. However the most exploited techniques used today for impurity profiling of drugs include LC-MS, GC-MS, NMR-MS, LC-MS-MS and LC-NMR. Therefore, this review focuses on...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2015 in |
The complications as well as expense had been increased in marketing new chemical entities (NCEs) due to their poor solubility, high toxicity, high dosage, non-specific delivery, in-vivo degradation and short circulating half-lives. Nanoparticles possess immense prospective as an efficient drug delivery system. Nanoparticulate-based delivery systems have potential to significantly impact on pharmaceutical industry and can make a huge impact through drug targeting because it leads to reduction in toxicity and increased efficiency of chemical entity. Nanoparticulate drug delivery system has been extensively useful in the field of pharmaceutical, because they results in controlled and sustained release properties and can decrease the gap between drug discovery and drug delivery. This review aims to summarize various production methods, attributes, drug loading, drug release pattern and pharmaceutical applications of NPs. In this review, numerous potential methods employed for fabricating NPs such as emulsification solvent evaporation method, solvent diffusion method, salting out technique, coacervation/precipitation and polymerization has been illustrated through sequential...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2015 in |
Pain is the most predominantly associated symptom with patients visit to the dental office. The pain may arise due to either an endodontic cause or a periodontic cause, but the endodontic pain type variant is the most commonly encountered by the dentists in their dental offices. Even though the endodontic pain is more common, there arises a dilemma in diagnosing and planning the treatment for the patient in day to day practice. This makes the proper diagnosis and adequate management of the endodontic pain as an important part of any dental practice. This article aims to review the importance of diagnosing the cause and adequate treatment for endodontic...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2015 in |
The selected theories are based on studies investigating the possible role of stress hormones and cytokine; gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA); glutamate; monoaminergic transmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine; omega-3 fatty acid; T-cell; β-endorphine; synaptic plasticity; endocrine system and endocannabinoids in the pathophysiology of depression. Because all theories of depression apply to only some types of depressed patients but not others, and because depressive pathophysiology may vary considerably across the course of illness, the current extant knowledge argues against a unified hypothesis of depression. As a consequence, antidepressant treatments, including psychological and biological approaches, should be tailored for individual patients and disease states. Individual depression hypotheses based on neurobiological knowledge are discussed in terms of their interest to both clinicians in daily practice and clinical researchers developing novel...
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Posted by admin on May 30, 2015 in |
Bacterial Food Poisoning’ is a common name given to predominantly gastro-intestinal infections which arise after the consumption of food or drink that is contaminated with disease-causing bacteria. Over 250 organisms are known to cause food borne illnesses. Ayurveda is an ancient medical science & has described the food poisoning indirectly in the form of Anna Vishaktata. The aims of present study are to collect, elaborate, evaluate & discuss the Bacteria and Bacterial Food Poisoning in aspect of Ayurveda. In Ayurveda there are so many words are used for bacteria like invisible krimi, Vaikaric krimi, Agantuj, Rakshasa, Bhut and Pisacha directly, indirectly. In the 19th century Acharya Gannath Sen translate the word bacteria in the form of Jeevanu which is causative factor for many diseases. The infectious food poisoning which may be due to ingestion of food/water contaminated with poisons of Agantuj (pathogens including bacteria) is also found in Ayurveda. The infectious disease is given under Aupasargik Vyadhi & Epidemiology is elaborated under the heading of Janapadadhwansa in Ayurveda. The...
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