Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2014 in |
A toxic substance is one which can produce its adverse effects in biological systems by interfering with their structure and function, which may lead to mortality. From the biological point of view, it can be consider that no chemical is either completely safe or harmful .The safe or harmful nature of toxic substance depends on the doses, duration and the time when animal is exposed to the particular toxic substance. Susceptibility to toxicant often depends on developmental stage. There are critical period of development during pre and postnatal time and a particular structure or function will be most sensitive to disturbance during its critical period. Developmental toxicants are agents that cause adverse effects on the development of new progeny. Recently the developmental toxicology has become an increasingly significant area of toxicology and encompasses the study of hazard and risk associated with exposure to toxicants during pre and postnatal development. It has been expanded by the U.S Environmental Protection Agency to include effects on the developmental process in the course...
Read More
Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2014 in |
The chemistry of β-lactams has taken an prestigious place in organic and medicinal chemistry so the review on recent methods in the synthesis of 2-Azetidinone derivatives rendered as a lead molecule for designing potential bioactive agents and it accompanying additional various synthetic information and its orientations would encompass great deal of help to researchers, chemists and pharmacologists to make it the best, most productive, economical and medicinal important compounds which will be expected to show potent pharmacological activities. In future it would be useful to design different new drugs to bring in the market by using rapid, operationally simple, efficient and green procedure. This has led to the discovery of a wide variety of compounds that are of high interest from the point of view antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antihyperlipidemic, CNS activity, anticancer, antimicrobial, pesticidal, cytotoxic, antidiabetic, antitumor, antifungal, antitubercular...
Read More
Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2014 in |
Free radicals play an effective role in the pathogenesis of different pathological diseases together with cancer. Potential biological targets for free radical attack comprise lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Free radical induced lipid peroxidation causes a loss of cell homeostasis by modifying the structure and functions of cell membrane. The most important characteristic of lipid peroxidation is to cause a substantial DNA- MDA (Malondialdehyde) adducts by interacting with cellular DNA. Enzymatic antioxidants Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and non-enzymatic antioxidants vitamin E, Reduced glutathione (GSH) proceed synergistically with one another to detoxify the effects of lipid peroxidation. There is occurrence and contribution of oxidative stress in different types of cancer including, Ovarian cancer, Breast cancer, Oral cancer, Lung cancer, Leukemia, Cervical cancer, Prostate cancer, Gastric and Colon cancer which increase the pathogenesis and cause tissue damage in cancer. Lipid peroxidation and levels of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants can be used as markers of oxidative stress in various...
Read More
Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2014 in |
Microbial fibrinolytic proteases are of considerable interest in view of their specific activity and stability at biological pH. This review describes different isolation methods which enable the screening and selection of promising organisms for industrial production. Further, strain improvement using mutagenesis and/or recombinant DNA technology can be applied to augment the efficiency of the producer strain to a commercial status. The various nutritional and environmental parameters affecting the production of fibrinolytic proteases are delineated. The purification and properties of these fibrinolytic proteases is discussed, and the use of fibrinolytic proteases is...
Read More
Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2014 in |
Nanoparticles have advantages, such as small size, high surface area, and modification using functional groups for high capacity or selectivity. Nanoparticles with Proteins are especially worthy of notice because they can be used for site specific targeting. Particulate systems like nanoparticles have been used as a physical approach to alter and improve the pharmacokinetic and pharmaco-dynamic properties of various types of drug molecules. They have been used in vivo to protect the drug entity in the systemic circulation, restrict access of the drug to the chosen sites and to deliver the drug at a controlled and sustained rate to the site of action. Nowadays active research is focused on the preparation ofnanoparticles using proteins like albumin, gelatin, gliadin and legumin.Protein nanoparticles hold promise as drug delivery systems for parentral as well as oral. This article reviews the introduction of nanoparticles with especial focus on protein nanoparticles with preparation, characterization and applications of Protein...
Read More
