Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2013 in |
Curcuma longa(Turmeric) is a member of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae) and is thought to be indigenous to the Indian subcontinent. It is grown and harvested commercially in India, China, and many regions of tropical Southeast Asia. Turmeric is an approved food additive and is commercially available at low cost. Indigenous systems of medicine, including the Ayurvedic systems, have widely used turmeric for centuries in the treatment of many inflammatory conditions and diseases such as biliary disorders, anorexia, cough, diabetic wounds, hepatic disorders, rheumatism and sinusitis. Turmeric’s active constituents are yellowish orange volatile oils called curcuminoids known as curcumin, which has demonstrated antioxidant, antineoplastic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antidiabetic, anticoagulant, antifertility, cardiovascular protective, hepatoprotective, and immunostimulant activity in animals. Curcuminoids inhibit leukotriene biosynthesis via the lipoxygenase pathway and decrease prostaglandin formation. Some workers observed that Curcumin has caused apoptosis in various cancer cell lines and animal tumor cells and may inhibit angiogenesis. Today, turmeric has found application all over the world in various purposes such as medicinal purpose, cosmetic purpose, dyeing,...
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Posted by admin on Jan 1, 2013 in |
Chronotherapy refers to the use of circadian, ultradian, infradian & seasonal or other rhythmic cycles in the application of therapy. There are number of conditions which show a circadian pattern and advantage could be taken by timing and adjusting the administration of drugs according to the circadian rhythm of the disease. Some of the conditions, which may be significantly benefited, are hypertension, myocardial infarction, bronchial asthma, peptic ulcer, arthritis, duodenal ulcer, diabetes, neurological disorder, cancer and hypercholesterolemia. Chronotherapy can be classified into time controlled systems wherein the drug release is controlled primarily by the delivery system, stimuli induced PDDS in which release is controlled by the stimuli, such as the pH or enzymes present in the intestinal tract or enzymes present in the drug delivery system and externally regulated system where release is programmed by external stimuli like magnetism, ultrasound, electrical effect and...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2012 in |
This article enlightens physiological components of pain and inflammation. The objective is to study pain, inflammation and their pathophysiology. It is one of the common and one of the most difficult problems to diagnose and is generally fund in common people. Pain is a complex experience which includes psychological and behavior components and results from trauma, diseases, surgical interventions. Pain is an unpleasant sensation and an emotional experience associated with a real or potential damage to tissue, or equivalent of such damage. Inflammation is a process which arises due to tissue damage causing dilation of venules, increase in vascular permeability, and infiltration of histamine, cytokines and other inflammatory components. Inflammation occurs due to the stress responses and is an integral part of it. The paper is related with the pathological changes in pain, inflammation, components producing the changes. Different mediators like IL, PG, PAF, LT, cytokines are producing inflammation and leading to...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2012 in |
Marine sponges, the sessile invertebrates of the Phylum porifera are invaluable tool in current research. They remain as a goldmine to chemist and pharmacologist due to its defensive weapons, the secondary metabolites. Endogenous peptides from marine sponges and associated microorganisms are promising lead compound for drug development. Some of the compounds are under clinical trials. These peptides can act against variety of diseases in humans including bacterial, fungal, protozoan, HIV, inflammatory and even tumor. This review focuses on sponge symbiotic association with other organisms, significance of peptides as secondary metabolites and its pharmacological effects by highlighting its role as ant- bacterial, anti- fungal, anti- HIV and anti- tumor agents. Sponge-microbial associations are found to be very specific in the production of particular bioactive...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2012 in |
Magnetic modulated drug delivery system addresses the major problem of initial biodistribution of drug carrier. It involves the use of particulate carriers to a localized diseased site. Magnetic microspheres can be used for site-specific drug targeting as in case of tumors, magnetic bioseparation and also can be used for non-targeted drug delivery as in case of contrast agents (MRI) and drug reservoirs that can be activated by a magnet of suitable strength applied outside the body. This delivery system has the distinct advantage of locally congregating high concentrations of the drug at the diseased site thereby minimizing drug requirement and side effects. Though it is expensive and requires high technical approach, it can be adapted to any part of the body. Various magnetic microspheres developed include magnetic nanoparticles, magnetically resealed erythrocytes and magnetic liposomes. Stereotaxis Inc. and FeRx Inc., are major commercial developers of magnetic guidance system for the medical...
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