Posted by admin on Jun 1, 2011 in |
Pelletization process first came into existence way back during the 1950s, when the first product was introduced to the market. These pelletized dosage forms have gained popularity considerably from then because of their distinct advantages, such as ease of capsule filling because of better flow properties of the perfectly spherical pellets; enhancement of drug dissolution; ease of coating; sustained, controlled, or site-specific delivery of the drug from coated pellets; uniform packing; even distribution in the GI tract; and less GI irritation. Pelletized dosage forms can be prepared by a number of techniques, including drug layering on nonpareil sugar or microcrystalline cellulose beads, spray drying, spray congealing, roto granulation, hot-melt extrusion, and spheronization of low melting materials or extrusion-spheronization of a wet mass. The present review outlines the recent findings on the manufacturing and evaluation of spherical pellets. The techniques namely extrusion-spheronization, hot melt extrusion, freeze pelletization, cryopelletization have been discussed along with formulation requirements for the process, parameters affecting pelletization. Evaluation of quality of the pellets is discussed with...
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Posted by admin on Jun 1, 2011 in |
The convenience of administration and improved patient compliance are important in the design of nasal drug delivery system which remains the preferred route of drug delivery in spite of various disadvantages. Therapy through intranasal administration has been an accepted form of treatment in the Ayurvedic system of Indian Medicine. Advances in biotechnology have made available a large number of protein and peptide drug for the treatment of a variety of diseases. These drugs are unsuitable for oral administration because they are significantly degraded in the gastrointestinal tract or considerably metabolized by first pass effect in the liver. Even the parenteral route is inconvenient for long term therapy. Of many alternate routes tried, intranasal drug delivery is found much promising for administration of these drugs. In this article, an overview on the design and development of intranasal drug delivery system is presented. Advantages of NDDS are Drug degradation that is observed in the gastrointestinal tract is absent, hepatic first pass metabolism is absent, Rapid drug absorption and quick onset of...
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Posted by admin on Jun 1, 2011 in |
Recently, heterocyclic compounds analogues and their derivatives have attracted strong interest in medicinal chemistry due to their biological and pharmacological properties. The small and simple benzothiazole nucleus possesses numerous biological properties like – antitumor, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, and antidiabetic activities. These activities are also possessed by its substituted derivatives as well. The present review focuses on some commonly used easy procedures to synthesize the benzothiazole moiety and its derivatives, which comprise of different biological...
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Posted by admin on Jun 1, 2011 in |
Buccal drug delivery has gained significant attention and momentum since it offers remarkable advantages. Over past few decades, buccal route for systemic drug delivery using mucoadhesive polymers to significantly improve the performance of many drugs has been of profound interest. This review article is an overview of buccal drug delivery systems encompassing a review of oral mucosa, formulation considerations for buccal drug delivery system, theories and mechanism of mucoadhesion, different mucoadhesive formulations for buccal drug delivery and active ingredients delivered via the buccal route. Additionally, commercial technologies and future prospects of this route of drug delivery are discussed....
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Posted by admin on May 1, 2011 in |
The scientist faced many challenges in Ocular drug delivery system due to unique anatomy and physiology of eye. In ocular drug delivery system there are two types of barriers static and dynamic barrier. Static barriers consist of different segment of eye such as cornea, sclera, retina and blood- retinal barriers. In other way dynamic barriers consists choroidal and conjunctival blood flow, lymphatic clearance, and tear dilution. These both barriers affect the bioavailability of drugs. In recent year some new concept of drug delivery such as iontophoresis, liposome bioadhesive gels, ocular insert, contact lenses etc has been developed to overcome problems associated by static and dynamic barriers These formulation based approaches have high capacity to carry maximum concentration of drug at targeted site of...
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