Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2020 in |
Background: Serum total bilirubin (SBT) and serum uric acid (SUA) have anti-oxidant properties. SBT and SUA may be potential biomarkers for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications. Aim: It is aimed to evaluate the level of STB and SUA in T2DM. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, a total of 124 subjects (62 T2DM cases and 62 age and gender-matched controls) were recruited between the age group of 30-55 years. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), STB, SUA, Malondialdehyde (MDA), and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) were estimated. All the data were tested at a 5% level of significance. Results: The mean level of SUA was significantly higher in cases than controls (P=0.009). However, the mean level of STB was not found statistically significant in cases than controls (P=0.08). The mean level of MDA was found significantly elevated in cases than controls (P<0.001). In addition, the mean of SOD activity was found significantly low in cases than controls (P<0.001). A significant negative correlation was found between age and SOD activity...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2020 in |
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) belongs to the class of 4-aminoquinolines. It is a hydroxylated version of chloroquine with a similar mechanism of action but rather a safe profile. It is primarily an antimalarial drug but has been extensively used for treating rheumatoid arthritis, porphyria, discoid and systemic lupus erythematosus as well. Most recently, this drug has found a place in the treatment of COVID-19 with successful results. It is relatively a safer drug to treat COVID-19 in pregnant ladies, diabetic and hypertensive patients. This molecule has found its successful and safer use as a pediatric drug. The World Health Organization (WHO) has listed hydroxychloroquine as an investigational drug for efficacy against SARS-COV-II. COVID-19 is spreading at a tremendous rate, and we need a less expensive drug against the virus, especially in countries with high poverty. The production cost of this drug is very low, and so is its retail cost. These collective advantages of hydroxychloroquine make it a suitable, effective, safer, and readily available drug candidate for COVID-19...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2020 in |
A series of 2-cyclopropylimidazo [2,1-b] [1,3,4] thiadiazole derivatives 5(a-i) have been synthesized by reacting 5-cyclopropyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine (3) and an appropriate 2-bromo-1,2-(substituted aryl) ethanones 4(a-i). Structures of these compounds were recognized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectroscopy and Mass spectrometry. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) has been identified as an important cancer drug target. HIF transcription complex, which is activated by low oxygen tension, controls a diverse range of cellular processes, including angiogenesis and erythropoiesis. Here we analyzed the capacity of synthesized molecules to inhibit hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase (PHD2) in-silico as well as an in-vitro assay. Four compounds were granted NSC code at National Cancer Institute (NCI), USA, for anticancer activity at a single high dose (10-5 M) in full NCI 60 cell panel. Among the compounds tested,2-Cyclopropyl-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-phenylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole 5a (NSC D-754956/1) was found to be the most active candidate of the series at five dose level screening with a degree of selectivity toward leukemic cancer cell...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2020 in |
The aim of the study was to determine the biologically active fractions of methanol extracts of mature leaves of Pogostemon benghalensis (burm. f.) Kuntze and Perilla frutescens L. Britton. The methanol extract was broadly fractionated sequentially in hexane, chloroform, acetone, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Activity index was recorded higher in methanol broad fractions of both of the plants. Broad fractions of both of the plants recorded a higher Proportion Index against E. coli (1.00). An increasing trend was recorded in the case of total phenol and flavonoid content with an increase in concentration from 1 mg/ml to 5 mg/ml. In case of Pogostemon benghalensis (Burm.f.) Kuntze, antioxidant inhibition of ascorbic acid against DPPH and ABTS are (98.28 ± 1.03% and 96.22 ± 2.01% respectively) which is higher than the crude extract (81.43 ± 0.09% and 72.32 ± 0.01% respectively) at 500 µl of the sample at 1mg/ml of concentration. TLC Spots from hexane and chloroform broad fraction recorded antibacterial inhibition against B. subtilis. Rf values of TLC spots from...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2020 in |
Clarithromycin is a lipophilic and poorly water-soluble macrolide antibiotic which belongs to class II of the biopharmaceutics classification system. Its oral absorption and related bioavailability are dissolution rate-limited and relatively low. Subsequently, the formulation of oral clarithromycin delivery systems poses a huge challenge to the formulation scientist. Utilization of self – micro emulsifying drug delivery system technology, with the intent of enhancing oral bioavailability of clarithromycin was designed as this study’s principal objective. Following successful screening studies involving solubility, compatibility and phase evaluations, series of clarithromycin – loaded self – micro emulsifying drug delivery system formulations were developed. Formulations were subjected to optimization and characterization analyses, from which formulation C2A with compositions (% w/w) of olive oil 5%, Tween 80: ethanol (4:1) 94.42%, clarithromycin 0.5% and aspartame 0.08% was optimized. The optimized/ test formulation was subjected to stability, in-vitro drug release, and pharmacokinetic analyses. Estimated parameters included a droplet size of 16.30 ± 3.31 nm, polydispersity index of 0.203 ± 0.11, and zeta potential of -2.01 ± 1.56 millivolts....
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