Posted by admin on May 31, 2020 in |
Even though numerous herbal preparations have been recommended in alternative systems of medicine against hepatic disorders, many of them cause severe toxicity upon prolonged use. Volvariella volvacea (Bull.: Fr.) Singer is a highly nutritious mushroom that can be incorporated into the regular diet without the fear of side effects. The protective effect of the aqueous ethanol extract of V. volvacea mycelia was evaluated against acetaminophen (APAP) induced hepatic damage in Wistar rats. A single dose of APAP (3 g/kg, p.o.) was used for inducing hepatic damage. The extract was administrated orally at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg, once daily for 7 days. Treatment with APAP (3 g/kg) increased the activities of liver function enzymes serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). APAP also reduced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and enhanced lipid peroxidation in liver tissue. Administration of V. volvacea extract (500 mg/kg, p.o.) decreased the activities of SGPT, SGOT, and ALP. It also...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2020 in |
Prostate cancer is one of the most important cancer in men. In most cases, prostate cancer confirmed by histological and transrectal biopsy for the examination of prostatic tissue. Metastatic prostate cancer is second leading cause of death from cancer. Androgen deprivation therapy is common treatment in men with prostate cancer that may cause fatigue, increased body fatness, and loss of lean body tissue. Abiraterone acetate improved overall survival in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Enzalutamide is a novel anti-androgen that is approved for the treatment of Metastatic Castration-Resistance Prostate Cancer after taxane-based chemotherapy. The management options include surveillance, radiotherapy, and radical prostatectomy, but there is no evidence base to evaluate the benefits of each approach. Advanced prostate cancer is managed by hormonal therapy. Active surveillance is a novel and fascinating approach to distinguish between patients who are at higher risk and need active therapy and patients who are at low risk for disease progression. This review provides a short overview of the various approaches of prostate...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2020 in |
Benzimidazoles are well known biologically active N-containing heterocycles, widely used as drugs such as antifungal, antibacterial, antiparasitic, and antihelmintic. In addition, N1 and C2-substituted benzimidazoles and their derivatives have been found to be potent biologically active compounds as well. Further, N1-substituted benzimidazoles have exhibited anti-microbial, antihelmintic activities and also antiviral activity against human cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus type-1. Specifically, N1-substituted benzimidazole like 5,6-dichloro-1-β-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole is known for inhibition of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II. Another N1-substituted benzimidazole derivative called enviroxime [2-amino-1- (isopropyl-sulphonyl)-6-benzimidazole phenyl ketone oxime] was reported to be a potent inhibitor of rhinovirus replication in human embryonic nasal organ cultures. The biological activities of these compounds depend upon the substitution on the benzimidazole at the N-1 or C-2 position. Since the benzimidazole heterocyclic ring system mimics the purine bases like adenine and guanine of nucleic acids, the N1-substituted benzimidazole may incorporate into viral nucleic acid by enzymatic process and subsequently can alter the structure and/ or function of viral...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2020 in |
The objectives were to observe the drug pattern of epileptic patients with their seizure type, to analyze the type of therapy received by the patients, to observe if epileptic patients are receiving an appropriate dose, to identify the side effects in epileptic patients associated with drug treatment and to observe the cost of conventional and newer antiepileptic drugs (AED’s). This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted in the Neurology department. A total of 150 patients were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Demographic details and clinically relevant details such as therapy, dose of the drug, side effects experienced pertaining to the objectives of the study were collected using the self-prepared proforma. Symptomatic localization (64%) was the most commonly observed epilepsy syndrome. The commonly observed type of therapy among the patients was dual therapy. AED dose prescribed for most of the adult population was at a sub-optimal level, as explained by the daily defined dose/ prescribed daily dose (DDD/PDD) ratio (<1). Carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine were prescribed at a...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2020 in |
Schiff bases from chitosan and 5-nitro salicylaldehyde-aniline complexes represented the important structural subject in excess of biologically active molecules, including synthetic. The introduction of 5-nitro salicylaldehyde at C-2 nitrogen position and aniline at C-6 oxygen position of chitosan. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) of the double Schiff based chitosan, synthesized from the condensation reaction of equimolar amounts of 5-nitrosalicyl-aldehyde, chitosan, and aniline in DMSO. The chitin and the phenyl rings deviate from co-planarity with an inter and intra-molecular bond (–C2-N=CH–), (–C6–C=N–). The title compound C69H118N11O43 is not a planner, with a dihedral angle among the planes of the three aryl rings. The structure is a heterocyclic derivative constituting a stimulating class of compounds with synthetic flexibility and productive biological activities. The synthesized compound structurally categorized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, GC-Mass spectra, and TG/DTA studies. The 1H-NMR spectroscopy used to determine the degree of acetylation in chitosan. The synthesized compound primarily parted for their in-vitro growth constraining activity against a different strain of bacterial and fungal. The in-vitro antioxidant activity of the...
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