Posted by admin on May 31, 2020 in |
Laccase belongs to polyphenol oxidases, which is a very wide family of copper-containing atoms in the center, which serves as the catalytic site. It is biochemically a glycoprotein with molecular mass being between 50kda to 130kda and 30% carbohydrate content, in addition to this it has three types of copper atoms. It is one of the most important enzymes due to its role in the food industry. It acts as a biosensor where it can detect morphine, codeine, catecholamine, and many other enzymes. In insects, it performs the function of cuticle sclerotization. Moreover, laccase is safe for human consumption. The most important factor which has prevented laccase from being insanely famous is the cost that is associated with using a very large quantity of laccase. Laccases can be extracted from almost all kinds of white-rot fungi as well as from various other fungi species such as Pycnoporus cinnabarinus, Gloeophyllum trabeum but not in any brown-rot species except Coniophora puteana as was recently discovered. Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae and Trichoderma...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2020 in |
Moringa is one of the medicinally important genera and Moringa concanensis Nimmo is a threatened species of it. Clonal micropropagation has been used to produce true to type multiple copies and help to conserve a number of plants. A comprehensive micro-propagation protocol has been developed in the present study. It was found that Murashige and Skoog (1962) (MS) basal elements enriched with 0.05 mg/L of 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) in combination with 0.3 mg/L of 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP) induced 93.3% shooting and maximum (5.5 ± 1.63) number of micro-shoots. Shoot elongation and multiplication were recorded to enhance by making use of 1.0 mg/L of Gibberellic acid (GA3). Maximum rooting (83.3%) was observed on half-strength MS basal media supplemented with 0.5 mg/L of Indole 3-Butyric Acid (IBA) in combination with 0.5 mg/L NAA. Even though the success of this protocol is varied according to genotype, it still has high applicability for the conservation of germplasm of...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2020 in |
Objective: Senecio vulgaris Linn. generally known as common groundsel, known in Iraq as Sheikh Al-Rabeeor Al-Kurresa, which is widely distributed in the south and middle parts of Iraq. There was no systemic study in the literature regarding the phytoconstituents that are present in Iraqi’s Senecio vulgaris Linn. Thus, the present study was aimed to examine the presence of some biologically important secondary metabolites that are present in this plant as well as investigate the essential oil components and their percentage presenting it. Method: The steroid rich fraction was subjected to analytical thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis in order to identify the presence of steroidal compounds, after authentication and by comparison of these steroids with their standards. Also, the essential oil obtained from this plant by Clevenger apparatus was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to determine the types and quantities of the monoterpenoids, diterpenoids, and triterpenoids present. Results: The qualitative analysis performed by TLC and HPLC revealed the presence of biologically active secondary metabolites such...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2020 in |
Background: Vitamin D deficiency and its associated disorders are prevalent in Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to assess the awareness levels towards vitamin D, check, medication, and related disorders. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 500 Saudi volunteers living in the city of Hail (A region in Northern Saudi Arabia) and surrounding towns were included during the period from January 2020 to March 2020. Results: Out of the 500 participants, 295/500(59%) were found to complain from one or more VDD related conditions. Out of the 500 participants, only 214/500 (42.8%) experienced previous vitamin D testing. According to vitamin D testing results, 107/214 (50%) and 53/214 (24.8%) of the individuals did the test was found with vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D insufficiency, respectively. Conclusion: VDD is prevalent in Hail Region, Saudi Arabia, particularly among females. The scarcity of routine testing for vitamin D status resulted in multifarious VDD related disorders. Hail’s population has a low awareness of vitamin D check, medication and related...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2020 in |
Dabigatran Etexilate Mesylate (DEM), an anticoagulant used to treat and prevent blood clots and to inhibit the occurrence of stroke in people with cardiac arrhythmia. The purpose of this study was to obtain DEM co-crystals by screening eight different conformers and prepare the co-crystals by evaporation technique. Molecular docking was used to identify suitable coformer. Tartaric acid DEM co-crystals have been effectively prepared in the molar ratio of 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 by solution-based evaporation technique. A 1:1 molar mixture of DEM and tartaric acid was further characterized. Differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize manufactured co-crystals. The study confirmed the selection of proper coformer and exhibited enhanced solubility and stability of the DEM co-crystals. Hence, based upon the above results, it revealed that co-crystallization helps in improving the physicochemical properties of the API, altering their chemical...
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