Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2020 in |
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Sida spinosa L. (HYSS) in colitis induced in rats by intrarectal administration of TNBS by clinical, morphological and biochemical alterations. The HYSS administered at three different concentrations 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o. and sulfasalazine (50 mg/kg, p.o) as reference standard for 10 days in colitis induced rats. TNBS administration caused induction of colitis resulting in significant reduction in percentage body weight, increased stool consistency score, macroscopic score, colon weight, weight to length ratio, ulcer area, ulcer index etc. It also caused elevation of oxidative stress i.e. increased MDA, MPO level and depleted GSH level. It also resulted in histological changes in colon architecture suggestive of extensive mucosal damage associated with intermittent inflammatory changes and infiltration of inflammatory cells in mucosa and submucosa. HYSS at 200 & 400 mg/kg significantly restores loss of percent body weight, reduced stool consistency score, ameliorate macroscopic changes, histological changes, colon weight to length ratio, ulcer index, reduced MPO, MDA level and...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2020 in |
Pharmacological screening of selective phytochemicals for common skin allergic disorder, which is defined by the occurrence of itchy and even painful wheels, angioedema or erthyma (Urticaria). The main cause of allergic reactions is chemicals, certain foods, insect stings, which often lead to the cause of histamine release, then the tiny blood vessels (capillaries) leak fluid. For induction of urticaria (BA & CA) were selected; they cause the NICU on animal skin whenever they contact the skin. Healthy adult guinea pigs weighing 300-400 gm, were selected for the present study, totally 5 groups each contains five guinea pigs. Those groups were considered as group-1 (Disease control), group-2 (standard), group-3 (Vehicle control), group-4 (test-1) and group 5 (test-2). Parameters such as ear thickness, redness, itching, swelling and time taken for reducing swelling was recorded. Topical application of Benzoic acid and Cinnamon acid to all groups, those animals produced signs of urticaria, which is characterized by redness, itching, swelling. A dose dependent increase in ear thickness was observed in disease control. Topical...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2020 in |
The current study aimed to investigate the protective effects of taurine and melatonin against caffeine-induced brain damage in rats. 36 male albino rats were divided into 6 groups: Group I: control, group II: Rats received 20 mg/kg melatonin for 28 days. Group III: Rats received 50 mg/kg taurine dissolved in distilled water daily for 28 days. Group IV: Rats received 50 mg/kg caffeine dissolved in distilled water for 28 days. Group V: Rats received melatonin as described in group II in concomitant with caffeine, as described in group IV. Group VI: Rats received taurine as described in group III in concomitant with caffeine, as described in group IV. Caffeine-induced rats showed significantly increased brain lipid peroxidation, Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) content were significantly decreased. Monoamine neurotransmitters, gene and protein expression levels of p53 and Bax were significantly increased in the brain of caffeine-induced rats. In contrast, caffeine administration down-regulated Bcl-2 both gene and protein expression in the brain of rats. DNA damage were detected in caffeine...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2020 in |
The bioavailability of conventional ophthalmic solutions is very poor due to efficient protective mechanisms of the eye, blinking, reflex lachrymation, and drainage, which remove rapidly various foreign substances, including drug, from the surface of the eye. Frequent installation of a drug solution is necessary to maintain a therapeutic drug level in the tear or at the site of action. The recent trends in ocular drug delivery are in-situ gelling systems, occuserts, dry drops, and gel foams. Acyclovir is a potent antiviral drug of low toxicity. Acyclovir has low oral bioavailability and a short half-life. In the present research work, Acyclovir in-situ gelling systems were prepared by using temperature triggered polymer. The formulations were evaluated for several parameters like drug-polymer interaction, clarity, pH measurement, drug content (%), gelling capacity, gelation temperature, viscosity, sterility, isotonicity, in-vitro drug release studies, eye irritation, and short term stability studies. At low temperature, the prepared formulations were in a liquid state, however as the Pluronic F-127 present in the prepared formulation comes in contact with...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2020 in |
Objective: The present study was aimed to evaluate the in-vitro anthelmintic potential of isolated phytoconstituent umbelliferone against Pheretima Posthuma (Indian earthworm). Methods: Three different concentrations (10, 20, 30 mg/ml in Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) of umbelliferone were prepared, and six worms of similar type were placed in it. Observations were made for the time taken for paralysis and death of the individual worm. Meantime required for the paralysis (P) in min was noted when no movement of any sort could be observed, except when the worm was shaken vigorously; death time (D) in min was recorded after confirmation with lack of movement when shaken vigorously/ dipped in warm water (50 °C). Piperazine citrate (10 mg/ml) was used as a reference standard. Results: Umbelliferone demonstrated paralysis as well as the death of worms, especially at a higher concentration of 30 mg/ml in a shorter time as compared to reference drug Piperazine citrate. Conclusion: In the present study, Umbelliferone was tested for its anthelmintic activity against Pheretima posthuma. Various concentrations were used...
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