Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2021 in |
DNA damage induced by Nickel chloride in lymphocytes has been studied in-vitro. The sister chromatids exchange and single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE), or comet assay were used to measure the level of DNA damage in terms of SCE frequency and comet parameters. Silymarin is a natural protective compound, isolated from Silybum marianum seeds and reported for its anti-genotoxic properties. In this study, the peripheral blood lymphocytes were administrated along with silymarin and Nickel chloride (NiCl2) to evaluate the antigenotoxic effect of silymarin against NiCl2 mediated genotoxicity. A significant (P<0.05) increase in the tail moment and SCE frequency indicating DNA damage was observed in NiCl2 (129.59 µg/mL) treated samples. Simultaneously, a gradual decrease was observed in the tail moment, and SCE frequency in silymarin-treated samples against NiCl2 induced DNA damage. Results showed that silymarin at a concentration of 40 µg/mL against NiCl2 induced DNA damage showed a significant (P< 0.05) decrease in...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2021 in |
Background: During recent years, there has been a large investigation on different classes of thiadiazole compounds, many of which were found to possess an extensive spectrum of pharmacological activities. This study was undertaken to synthesize and evaluate the analgesic activity of [1,3,4]-thiadiazole-[1,3-dione]-isoindole derivatives. Methods: The purity of the synthesized compounds was checked by performing thin layer chromatography and determining melting points. All the synthesized compounds were subjected to spectral analysis such as FT-IR and UV-visible spectroscopy. The acute toxicity study was performed using the ‘up and down method’ while the in-vivo analgesic activity was evaluated using ‘Eddy’s hot plate method in mice, taking ibuprofen as standard. Data analysis was done using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s t-test. Results: The melting point values of each of the synthesized compounds were found to be between 145-238°C, and the molecular weight values were found to be between 204-496 gm. Spectral analysis of all the synthesized compounds has shown satisfactory results. Rf values of all the synthesized compounds were found to be different...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2021 in |
Solid dispersion extended-release system involves amorphization of drug material that leads to creating an alternative pathway for poorly water-soluble drugs. The drug increases solubility due to an increase in apparent solubility of the particular drug. Crystalline lattices of the drug are disturbed during its manufacture, which minimizes the crystal packing energy for solubilization. Along with this, molecular level dispersion with the carrier increases the dissolution rate. Different challenges are involved in this type of system. Supersaturation creates the separation of solute and solution, causing it to be thermodynamically unstable. Recrystallization due thermodynamically unstable state of the system causes Intramatrix recrystallization. Agglomeration, polymer hydration and clumping of the system lead to the prevention of dissolution of non-ionic, amorphous active drugs. Various manufacturing processes such as mechanical stress, downstream processing, etc., significantly impact the performance of the drug systems. Despite these issues, approaches for SDS have been used to overcome these challenges. They are based on hydrophilic polymers, hydrophobic polymers, wax, and lipids systems. At present, the perfect SDS isn’t readily...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2021 in |
Objective: To correlate the pharmacognostic appearance and physiochemical specification of the leaves of Amaranthus viridus and Amaranthus spinosus. Methods: Pharmacognostical features were scrutinized using fresh and dried powder, and physicochemical assessment was done by WHO guidelines. The phytochemical screenings were adopted for disclosing the existence of phytoconstituents in extracts. Results: The organoleptic features have been recorded for the fresh and powder material of Amaranthus viridus and Amaranthus spinosus. Microscopical examination reveals the arrangement of stomata, trichomes, and parenchymatous cells in both Amaranthus species. Phytochemical screening with discrete extracts affirms the existence of different phytoconstituents like alkaloids, carbohydrates, glycosides, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, protein, and amino acids. Identification of Physicochemical characters is useful in distinguishing the powdered drug material. Based on Phytochemical screening results, alkaloid content was determined by spectrophotometric methods and reported more amount in Amaranthus viridis when compared to Amaranthus spinosus. Conclusion: The current research favours in an attempt to expand the data with respect to its standardization, identification and exploration of...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2021 in |
Corticosteroids are a widely used class of drugs for respiratory, autoimmune, gastrointestinal, and dermatological conditions. Despite the efficacy of steroids, they have a wide variety of side effects. However, SIH remains the most misdiagnosed side effect. Undiagnosed SIH will precipitate DM, increases the morbidity and length of hospital stay, especially when pre-existing risk factors are present. Steroids may cause glucose control to deteriorate if administered to those who already have diabetes. The primary aim of the study was to review the corticosteroid usage and to assess the incidence of steroid-induced hyperglycemia. The patients were enrolled based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were categorized into diabetic (HbA1c <6.5%) and non-diabetic population, and their blood glucose levels were assessed. The Incidence of Corticosteroid Induced Hyperglycemia was found to be 45.8%. The potential risk factors for SIH were older age, history of diabetes mellitus, higher BMI, duration of therapy, and drug interaction. Insulin and combination therapy (CT) of insulin & OHA was the most frequently prescribed treatment for SIH, which...
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