Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2021 in |
Pioglitazone is an oral anti-diabetic agent used in treating class – II diabetes mellitus. T1/2of pioglitazone was 3-6 hrs and is eliminated rapidly. Hence sustained release is needed to prolong its duration of action and to increase its oral bioavailability. The study’s main aim was formulation and evaluation of an in-situ gel system of pioglitazone to increase its bioavailability as a convenient dosage form. Method of Ion-sensitive in-situ gelation was used in this study. Total 15 formulations were prepared with Guar gum, Xanthan gum, and Carbopol-934 in various combinations and assessed for physical appearance, pH, viscosity, in-vitro gelling capacity, drug content, and in-vitro drug release. FTIR, DSC for Pioglitazone, excipients, and optimized formulation were conducted. In-vivo drug kinetic studies were conducted for optimized formulation. Formulations showed an optimum viscosity allowing ease of administration and swallowing. All formulations have shown pH between 6.9-7.3, floating lag time was 2-3sec and floated for >12 hrs. The x-ray image studies are also confirming the same thing. In vitro, drug release studies report that...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2021 in |
In organic chemistry, the largest families of organic compounds belong in the heterocyclic compounds. In our daily life, the importance of heterocyclic compounds is very essential. It has a broad range of applications in medicinal chemistry. Benzotriazole is a bicyclic heterocyclic system consisting of three nitrogen atoms and a fused benzene ring, shows wide range of biological and pharmacological activities. Benzotriazole has been a matter of discussion among the scientific community due to its potential characteristics and touched areas such as medicinal, pharmacological, industrial, etc. Benzotriazole derivatives have shown several pharmacological activities, which are antimicrobial activity, anti-inflammatory, analgesic activity, anticancer, antifungal, antibacterial, anticancer, anthelmintic, antidepressant, antioxidative, antitubercular, antiviral, anticorrosive, plant growth inhibitor, anti-inflammatory,...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2021 in |
Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) cause considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. The pharmacovigilance activities continuously update about the adverse reactions related to medications and provide information regarding the nature and severity of ADRs. The study aims to assess the causality assessment of ADRs among patients in a tertiary care hospital. A prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital for eight months, from September 2019 to April 2020. A total of 87 patients among 79 patients had reported with 82 ADRs. Based on the gender, males were higher than females. 40 ADRs were reported between 61-80 years of age. 27 ADR reported by diuretic users, and 15 were caused by furosemide users. 32 ADRs were endocrine damage. Causality assessment has been performed using the world health organization-Uppsala monitoring center, 63 possible followed by 13 probable/ likely. In the majority, 54 suspected ADRs were withdrawn. Based on the study duration, 40 were recovering stages. Monitoring and reporting of ADR among healthcare professionals should be encouraged as well as creating...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2021 in |
In the present work, simultaneous estimation of Hydrochlorothiazide and Methyldopa was carried out by applying chemometric assisted UV spectro-photometric methods. The Two chemometric methods, classical least square (CLS) and inverse least square (ILS) were applied for estimation of Hydrochlorothiazide and Methyldopa simultaneously in tablets without any prior separation, and no graphical treatment of the overlapping spectra of these drugs were required. The chemometric calculations for CLS and ILS methods were performed by using the Chemometrics Toolbox 3.02 software equipped with MATLAB 6 and excel. The results derived from these two chemometric methods were compared statistically. These two chemometric methods were successfully applied estimation of two drugs from their marketed tablet dosage forms without any prior separation procedure. The methods were validated according to ICH guidelines. The results of the recovery study were found to be closer to 100 percent, and relative standard deviation obtained for different parameters of ILS and CLS methods was found to be within a limit for both the drugs. The two chemometric methods mentioned in...
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Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2021 in |
Many species of the genus Selaginella P. Bauev. (family: Selaginellaceae) are used as traditional medicine. In India, S. involvens (Sw.) Spring and S. bryopteris (L) Bak are used for medical purposes. In some works, these two species have been treated as resurrection plants or ‘Sanjeevani’. These plants have considerable morphological similarity which can create confusion regarding the exact plant used as medicine by traditional practitioners. The present study focuses on the comparison of both species for confirming their identity as two distinct species and their potential as medicinal plants. They were compared for morphological and anatomical characters, megaspore ornamentation (SEM analysis) and phytochemical analysis (HPTLC of bioflavonoids, amentoflavone). Morphologically S. bryopteris appears to be a miniature form of S. involvens. Anatomically they differ in the stelar region with differences in the position and number of protoxylem groups and the shape of the vascular region. The general appearance of the megaspore and ornamentation of the spore wall had significant differences. A prominent difference was observed in the sizes of their...
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