Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2023 in |
Aripiprazole is a biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS) II drug used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. A fast-dissolving tablet will be an appropriate drug delivery route in these conditions. Therefore, the objective of the work was to convert aripiprazole into a solid dispersion via a spray drying process and further present it as an oral fast-dissolving tablet for improving patient compliance. The solid dispersion of the drug in mannitol from solvent evaporation via spray-drying forms porous amorphous solid dispersions. The spray drying trials were optimized using a custom design approach via Design Expert software version 13. Oral fast-disintegrating tablets containing optimized solid dispersions were evaluated for tableting properties, in-vitro drug release profile, and pharmacokinetic profile compared to aripiprazole. The optimized solid dispersion exhibited a 2-fold increase in solubility compared to pure aripiprazole. The tablet disintegrated in 27.1± 1.1seconds. The in-vitro drug dissolution showed a four-fold increase in drug release profile compared to pure aripiprazole in one h. The pharmacokinetic profile observed a two-fold increase in the bioavailability of solid dispersion in comparison to...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2023 in |
Objective: This investigation aimed to formulate, optimize and evaluate the matrix-type transdermal patch of norfloxacin for antibacterial activity by incorporating different polymer concentrations and penetration enhancers. Methods: Nine formulations were prepared by a solvent evaporation method using ethyl cellulose dibutyl phthalate, tea tree oil, and tulsi oil at concentrations (0.25%, 0.5%, 1%) as penetration enhancers. Characterization done FTIR, DSC, SEM, skin permeation study and antibacterial activity. The patch has uniform weight and low moisture content based on physicochemical evaluation and in vitro characterization. The FTIR shows no or very minor changes in main drug peaks in the IR spectra of a mixture of drug and pure drug. SEM shows smooth surface and uniform drug distribution. In skin permeation study, a combination of tea tree oil and tulsi oil showeaug two-fold increase in drug relea, indicatinged Higuchi release kinetics. Result: 2-fold increase in permeation of transdermal patch as compared to pure drug. Conclusion: Norfloxacin could be delivered through the transdermal patches by incorporating natural permeation enhancers and combining hydrophobic and...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2023 in |
Objective: Evaluation of in-vitro anti-cataract activity on the Cucumis melo L ethanolic extract seeds by glucose-induced cataract in incubated goat lenses. Methods: Anticataract activity is performed by using an isolated goat lens. The goat lens was divided into six groups. Group I: Lens was incubated in artificial aqueous Humor (Glucose 5.5 mM). Group II: Lens was incubated with artificial aqueous humor (Glucose 55 mM). Group III: Lens was incubated in artificial aqueous Humor (Glucose 55 mM) + 40 μg/ml of Ascorbic Acid; Group IV, V, and IV: Lens was incubated in artificial aqueous humor (Glucose 55 Mm) + 20 μg/ml, 40 μg/ml and 60 μg/ml of ethanolic extract of seeds on Cucumis melo L respectively and subjected to photographic evaluation for opacity; The lens was homogenized using tris buffer, and total protein and water-soluble proteins content were determined. Results: Photographic examination of the eyes showed that treatment with ethanolic extracts of the seeds of Cucumis melo L retarded the progression of lens opacification. Vitamin A, Ascorbic acid, β-carotene, Carotenoids, and Flavonoids these phytoconstituents possess antioxidant properties to reduce the...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2023 in |
This review aims to provide a brief overview of different mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of asthma, a variety of cells, and mediators released from these cells, which have an important role in the pathophysiology of asthma. Asthma is a heterogeneous disease which having complex pathophysiology and affects many individuals. Asthma is an inflammatory disease in the airway, leading to airway hyperresponsiveness, obstruction, mucus hyper-production, and airway wall remodeling. Status asthmatics is characterized by hypoxemia, hypercarbia, and secondary respiratory failure. The structural, mechanical, and inflammatory abnormalities related to asthma and the different mediators like histamine, cytokines, leukotrienes, thromboxane’s inflammatory cells eosinophils, mast cells are important in asthma pathophysiology. TGF-h and IL-11 are the main cytokines that are involved in airway remodeling. Mast cells are responsible for initiating inflammatory responses after exposure to allergens and the resulting immediate bronchoconstriction. Macrophages releasing the mediators may be responsible for amplifying the inflammatory process. Dendritic cells act as antigen-presenting cells and play a role in the chemotaxis of T cells. Eosinophils are a...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2023 in |
Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder in clinical practice requiring newer targets for its efficient treatment. Recently, brain renin-angiotensin system has gained immense importance because of its involvement in seizure regulation. Hence, the present study was planned to evaluate whether angiotensin II AT1 receptor antagonists possess anticonvulsant activity in experimental animals. Forty- eight Swiss albino mice were divided into 8 groups: Control – distilled water (5ml/kg), Standard – ethosuximide 200mg/kg, T1- telmisartan 5mg/kg, T2- telmisartan 8mg/kg, V1- valsartan 10mg/kg, V2- valsartan 20mg/kg, E+T2- ethosuximide 200mg/kg+ telmisartan 8mg/kg, E+V2- ethosuximide 200mg/kg+ valsartan 20mg/kg. After 1 hour of administration of control, test and standard drugs intraperitonally, convulsions were induced by administering pentylenetetrazol (60mg/kg- s.c). The time of onset of myoclonic spasm and clonic convulsion were the parameters recorded. The results were analysed by one-way- ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s t test. Telmisartan 8mg/kg, valsartan 10mg/kg, valsartan 20mg/kg significantly increased the latency of onset of myoclonic spasm and clonic convulsion (p< 0.05) as compared to control. The combinations of (ethosuximide + telmisartan 8mg/kg)...
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