Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2017 in |
Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DPH) is an antihistamine used topically to relieve skin itching and, at higher doses, DPH also has the capability to induce local skin anesthesia. The present study investigates the possibility to deliver DPH via iontophoresis using a stainless steel electrode. In-vitro iontophoresis was performed using 1% (w/v) DPH dissolved in glycerin (100%), deionized (DI) water (100%) and a mixture of both (50:50) through porcine ear skin and Franz cell assembly. The applied electrical current was 0, 100, 200, and 300 µA/cm2 for 60 min. Of the solvents tested, the 100% glycerin provided a consistent increase in DPH skin concentrations with current density and no skin damage. Therefore, the 100% glycerin was selected for in-vivo iontophoresis in a rabbit model at the same three current densities for 60 min. DPH skin concentrations were measured in skin via microdialysis for 240 min. Plasma to skin distribution of DPH was studied following short IV-infusions of 6, 8 and 10 mg/Kg in rabbits. Skin and plasma samples were collected for 420...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2017 in |
The objective of this study was to design and develop a skin lighting cream for improved skin whitening using herbal extracts from Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice) root and Vateria indica bark. The carrier cream base was developed by emulsion technique to deliver skin whitening property by holding the natural herbal actives such as G. glabra root extract and V. Indica bark extract as well as physical sun protecting agents such as titanium dioxide for the skin whitening properties. The emulsion cream was designed and optimized to deliver the skin lighting property by the combination of G. glabra root extract and V. Indica bark extract. This unique composition helps to provide the melanin inhibition effect through cellular melanin inhibition pathway. The optimized emulsion cream formula was evaluated as per ICH stability guidelines (real time, 30°C and 65% Relative Humidity (RH) and accelerated, 45°C and 75% RH) to ensure emulsion cream stability and shelf life of the product. The optimized and stabilized formula flow behaviours were determined by various rheological studies such...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2017 in |
Mononuclear ruthenium(II) complexes of the type [Ru(bpy)2(L)] (PF6)2, where L=4,5-bis(4-dimethyaminophenyl)-1H, 1 ‘H-2,2′-biimidazole (1) and 4,5-bis (4-fluorophenyl) – 1H, 1′ H-2,2′-biimidazole (2) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses and spectroscopic techniques such as UV-visible, IR and ESI-MS. The redox behavior of the complexes has been studied by cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry. Both the complexes show reversible electrochemical wave attributable to Ru(II)/Ru(III) couple. The complexes exhibit half-wave potential (E1/2) values of +0.8698 V for the complex 1 and +0.8395 V for the complex 2 respectively. Electrophoretic studies showed that the complexes are able to cleave supercoiled plasmid DNA more effectively in the presence of light at the wavelength of 480 nm. The mode of action of DNA cleavage activity was studied using DMSO and histidine. DPPH method has been adopted to find the radical scavenging activity of the newly synthesized ligands and complexes. The cytotoxic activity of these complexes was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay against MCF7 breast cancer cell...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2017 in |
Ruellia species belong to Acanthaceae family, and are perennial creepers with widespread medicinal uses including analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. The objective of this study was to determine the qualitative phytochemical constituents and anti-oxidant activity of crude extracts from whole plant parts of Kenyan Ruellia species viz. Ruellia prostrata. Whole parts of the plants were collected, air-dried under shade and organic extraction was done by cold maceration using ethyl acetate and methanol. Aqueous extraction was done by boiling. Anti-oxidant activity was performed based on the ability of the aqueous, methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts to scavenge free radicals produced by 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Ascorbic acid was used as the standard. Anti-oxidant tests were done at eight concentrations (3.9, 7.8, 15.6, 31.3, 62.5, 125, 250 and 500 µg/ml). The anti-oxidant activity of both plant extracts and ascorbic acid increased with increase in concentration. Methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts exhibited a higher anti-oxidant activity with IC50 values of 20.58 and 22.26 µg/ml respectively, relative to aqueous extract (IC50 of 51.92µg/ml). Ascorbic acid standard...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2017 in |
Skin aging is a complex process induced by constant exposure to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and damages human skin. Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum), a delicious tropical fruit that grow in Malaysia and spread widely in most Southeast Asian countries, have strong antioxidants properties due to the presence of ellagic acid, corilagin, geraniin, β-carotene and vitamin C. These compounds scavenge the free radical and thereby protect the skin against oxidative damage. The aim of the present study is to formulate and evaluate an antiaging cream containing Rambutan fruits extract. The SMEP, SMEF, CMEP and CMEF produced significant antioxidant activities and tyrosinase inhibition with low IC50 values. All the four extracts were formulated into an antiaging cream and evaluated. The results showed that the formulated antiaging creams and its ingredients were consistent in quality and can be easily used. From the above results, it is concluded that the formulation containing SMEF and CMEF are safe and usable for the skin. The present results demonstrate that the Rambutan fruits extracts has a good potential...
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