Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2017 in |
The objective of the study was to determine the cost effective drug among oral hypoglycemic agents utilized in a multispeciality hospital to treat type-2 diabetes mellitus. The prospective cost effectiveness study was conducted for 6 months period in patients who were diagnosed with type-2 diabetes mellitus and were receiving treatment specifically with oral hypoglycemic agent(s). The data obtained was introduced to Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio determination to arrive at the most cost effective drug and the prescription pattern and drug related problems in the patients were monitored. A total of 141 patients were included in the study. Glipizide among monotherapy (p<0.01), Glimepiride as add on therapy to Metformin (p<0.001), fixed dose triple combination of Glimepiride, Pioglitazone and Metformin (p<0.01) and fixed dose combination of Glimepiride and Metformin (p<0.001) were found to be more effective using statistical analysis. Most of the patients were receiving fixed dose combinations (43.6%) out of which Glimepiride and Metformin combination (34.42%) was predominant over the others. Serious drug interactions (12) and adverse drug reactions (5)...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2017 in |
Introduction: Self Medication (SM), a form of self care, is a topic of growing interest among researchers and a matter of concern for policy makers and implementors, owing to a plethora of associated malpractices in general population. There is paucity of information about this menace, especially in developing countries. The objective of the present study was to assess the prevalence, pattern and determinants of self medication among adult residents of a district in North India. Methods: This community based cross sectional mixed method study was carried out in of a district S.A.S, Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India. Multistage stratified random sampling technique and Probability proportional to size (PPS) was used in the 400 households from urban, rural and slum areas. A pretested questionnaire was administered to one representative member of each of the 400 households. Besides 150 people visiting medical stores were interviewed for self medication practices. Results: SM was widely practiced (97%) in study population, more in urban as compared to rural and slum counterparts. People of all socio...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2017 in |
One of the major challenges in pharmaceutical development is the poor dissolution performance of drugs. Celecoxib (CLX) is a poorly water soluble drug with its bioavailability being limited by its poor dissolution. In this study spray drying method was employed to prepare CLX: PVP K30:HPB (hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin) amorphous ternary system (ATS). Statistical experimental design was employed to investigate the combined effect of two experimental factors, i.e., % of polyvinayl pyrrolidone (PVP) K30 and % of HPB on saturation solubility (SS), dissolution efficiency (DE) and mean dissolution time (MDT), considered as the responses to be optimized. Design of experiment was used in the context of quality by design, which requires a multivariate approach for understanding the multifactorial relationships among experimental factors. Central composite design allowed for defining a design space. Desirability function was used to attain simultaneous optimization of all responses. The desired goals were achieved for SS, DE and MDT. Experimental values obtained from the optimized formulations were very close to the predicted values, thus confirming the validity of...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2017 in |
Background: Narikela lavana is a classical formulation which has been described in the samhitas such as Chakradatta, Vangsena, Bhavaprakash, and Rasa tarangini. The main indication of Narikela lavana is Parinaam shoola which can be broadly correlated with Peptic ulcer as per the modern parameters. As the name suggests, Narikela lavana contains only two ingredients- Narikela (coconut) and saindhava lavana (rock salt). Aim: In the present study, Narikela lavana is prepared by the method prescribed in Rasa tarangini and its characterization is done. Materials and Methods: Narikela lavana have been characterized with the help of Physico-chemical analysis, Physical and flow ability parameters, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDAX). Results and Discussion: Narikela lavana is nanocrystalline material having alkaline pH and hygroscopic nature. Its activity on hyperacidity is due to the presence of activated charcoal and alkaline nature. Conclusion: Narikela lavana could prove to be highly effective in hyperacidity (amlapitta) and peptic ulcers (Parinaam...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2017 in |
Inconsequential use of broad-spectrum antibiotics results in the evolution of multiple drug resistant pathogenic gram-negative bacterial strains which is a global health threat and is responsible for high morbidity and mortality rates. This necessitated the search for new effective and safe treatment strategies. One such successful treatment strategy is combination therapy which comprises cow urine distillate and medicinal plants extract. In the present report, this combination therapy was used against five pathogenic gram-negative bacteria- S. typhimurium, K. pneumoniae, E. coli, E. aerogenes and V. cholerae. It was observed that combination therapy had more profound effect than the individual plant extract against all the bacterial strains at the specified level. Combination therapy with T. erecta plant extract was found to be the most effective which improved the antibacterial effect 2.54 times more against E. coli. Other plants extract also improved their antibacterial potential when used with CUD (R.A.I=1.28 to...
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