Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2026 in |
The increasing prevalence of drug-resistant pathogens underscores the need for alternative antimicrobial agents, particularly plant-derived phytochemicals. This study evaluated the antimicrobial potential of Soleirolia soleirolii, Arctium lappa (Burdock), and Psidium guajava using two extraction methods: decoction and percolation. Extraction yields varied, with decoction producing 25.0% (A. lappa) to 44.8% (P. guajava) and percolation yielding 33.2% to 49.7%, indicating improved recovery of thermolabile compounds in percolation. Antimicrobial activity was assessed in-vitro against Gram-positive (Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus), Gram-negative (Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa), and fungal (Candida albicans, Clostridia) strains. A. lappa showed broad-spectrum activity across both methods (zones: 8.5–11.0 mm), while P. guajava exhibited selective antibacterial effects, particularly against S. aureus and Salmonella, and strong antifungal activity against Clostridia. S. soleirolii displayed moderate, selective inhibition, with percolation enhancing activity against Salmonella. These findings highlight that extraction technique significantly influences yield and bioactivity. Overall, A. lappa is a promising natural antimicrobial, whereas P. guajava and S. soleirolii merit further bioassay-guided fractionation to identify active phytoconstituents for potential therapeutic applications against resistant...
Read More
Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2026 in |
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are metallic nanoparticles that play an important role in nanomedicine as antimicrobial agents, wound management, anti-diabetic, burn care, cancer diagnosis and therapy, etc. Natural polyphenol curcumin, which is derived from turmeric, is well-known for its ability to heal wounds and has been shown to have antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Although curcumin is used more widely, its hydrophobic nature restricts its effectiveness. To increase its activity, curcumin can be combined with AgNPs with the help of a precursor. In the current work, curcumin-AgNP (CUR-AgNP) was made chemically with sodium citrate acting as a reducing agent and silver nitrate serving as a precursor. The prepared AgNP was characterized for particle size, PDI, zeta potential, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD). Carbopol was used to convert the CUR-AgNP into a gel, which was then characterized in terms of pH, gel strength, viscosity, and spreadability. The capacity of the targeted gel formulation to heal wounds in-vivo was examined in Albino Wistar rats. The results...
Read More
Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2026 in |
Fifteen Thiazole Schiff bases derivatives were synthesized, designed and evaluated for antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Based on literature review compounds were synthesized, docked and tested for All biological assays were performed in triplicate (n = 3). Positive controls: Ciprofloxacin (10 µg/mL) for antibacterial and Ketoconazole (10 µg/mL) for antifungal assays. Results are expressed as mean ± SD and for antioxidant properties DPPH assay, ABTS [2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] assay, Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power Assay and Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) scavenging assay were employed. Molecular docking was performed against topoisomerase II, peptide deformylase, lanosterol 14α-demethylase, and tyrosinase enzymes, which revealed favourable binding affinities and hydrogen-bonding interactions with the respective active sites for several derivatives. Compounds TSB_S7, TSB_S8, TSB_S10 and TSB_S14 exhibited the highest MolDock scores and showed MIC (µg/mL) values of 25 µg/mL against S. aureus and E. coli. The compounds were more active against Gram-positive than Gram-negative bacteriaria than Gram negative bacteria. The compounds demonstrated promising antibacterial and antioxidant properties with MICs ranging from 25 to 50 µg/ml. Overall, the synthesized...
Read More
Posted by admin on Dec 31, 2025 in |
There are various screening methods which are used to evaluate antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and antiparasitic agents for treating various infections. These methods include both traditional observational methods and advanced techniques. For antibacterial and antifungal agents, the focus is on high-throughput methods that assess bacterial and fungal growth and viability. Antiviral screening methods involve testing compounds that inhibit viral replication and infection, employing cell culture systems and cytopathic effect assays. The review details susceptibility testing methods for parasitic infestations, tailored to specific parasites. For Plasmodium species, assays like radioactive hypoxanthine incorporation and SYBR Green staining are used to determine drug efficacy. Leishmania and Trypanosoma species are assessed through colorimetric assays and flow cytometry for intracellular amastigotes. Giardia, Entamoeba histolytica, and Cryptosporidium are evaluated using image-based high-throughput screens and ATP content-based bioluminescence assays. Schistosoma species are tested using automated methods like impedance-based mobility measurement and fluorescence assays. Filarial parasites are screened for drug efficacy using traditional motility observation and advanced software like WormAssay. These screening methods are critical for identifying effective...
Read More
Posted by admin on Nov 30, 2025 in |
Background: Drug utilization studies (DUS) assess the marketing, distribution, prescription, and use of drugs, emphasizing their medical, social, and economic impacts. In intensive care units (ICUs), rational drug use is essential due to the complexity of treatment and the risk of antimicrobial resistance. Aim: This study analyzes antimicrobial utilization patterns in the Medical ICU. Methods: A cross-sectional, quantitative observational study was conducted at the Medical ICU of Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, Ajmer, from November 2022 to December 2023. The study included 400 patients aged ≥18 years. Data on demographics, comorbidities, drug prescriptions, and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were collected. The WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical/Defined Daily Dose (ATC/DDD) methodology was used for drug classification and consumption analysis. Results: The most common age group was 61-75 years (26%), with a male predominance (58%). Hypertension (29.75%) and diabetes (23.75%) were the most prevalent comorbidities. Ceftriaxone (55.25%) was the most frequently prescribed antimicrobial, followed by Piperacillin + Tazobactam (19.25%). ADRs were observed in 44 cases (11%), with thrombophlebitis being the most common...
Read More
