Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2014 in |
The aim of the present study was to develop suitable controlled release injectable vancomycin thermoreversible chitosan/ β-glycerophosphate hydrogel system for treatment of orthopedic infections. The effect of different formulation variables on the gelation temperature was studied. The prepared vancomycin loaded Chitosan/β-glycerophosphate thermoreversible hydrogels were characterized regarding gelation temperature, in-vitro vancomycin release and enzymatic degradation rate in presence of lysozyme. Antimicrobial activity of the released vancomycin was tested against the gram-positive methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by agar diffusion method. The results showed that chitosan/ β-glycerophosphate solution were able to form gels at body temperature depending on chitosan degree of deacetylation, concentration, pH and β-GP concentration. The prepared thermoreversible hydrogels sustained vancomycin release for 21 days. Released vancomycin concentrations ranged from 3 to 95 folds the reported minimal inhibition concentration (MIC 90) for MRSA at all release study time points. Chitosan/β-glycerophosphate thermoreversible hydrogels were enzymatically degradable and 17.57% of the gel weight remained after 21 days. The preserved antimicrobial activity found after release of the antibiotic from the hydrogel elected...
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Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2014 in |
Biofilm are a matrix of microorganisms which are adhered to and colonized a surface. When formed they are very difficult to remove and act as a source of contamination in processing environments. As bacteria in biofilm exhibit enhanced resistance to antibiotics and clearance by the host immune system, the resistance of enteropathogenic bacteria to commonly prescribed antibiotics is increasing both in developing as well as in developed countries. Resistances have emerged even to newer, more potent antimicrobial agents. This study was under taken to investigate the presence of multidrug resistance producing biofilm forming Aeromonas hydrophila in human clinical samples. A total of 150 urine samples were collected from private hospital in Tiruchengode during the period of six month. Among these only 75 isolates were found to be positive for Aeromonas hydrophila. The Starch-Ampicillin agar were used as a selective presumptive isolation medium for the isolation of bacterial isolates and confirmed as Aeromonas hydrophila were determined by using standard biochemical analysis according to Bergey’s manual of systematic Bacteriology. Slime producing...
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Posted by admin on Jul 1, 2014 in |
Among numerous species of plants growing in the wild in India, Garike, orDruva or taxonomically the Cynodon dactylon sp. occupies its unique place in the traditions, religions and cultures of different societies. In the present study, Phytochemical screening of methanolic, petroleum ether, ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Cynodon dactylon revealed the presence of 17 different phytoconstituents. Quantitative analysis ofmethanolic extract revealed the concentration of various bioactive constituents.Antimicrobial activity of both Ethanolic and Methanolic extracts of Cynodon dactylon showed good inhibitory effect for all the tested Bacterial and Fungal strains including E. coli, B. subtilis, S. typhimurium, M. luteus, K. pneumoniae, S. aureus, P. vulgaris, P. aeruginosa, C. albicans, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, P. notatum, Sporothrix schenckii, Stachybotrys chartarum and C. neoformans by Agar well method. TLC for all the extracts showed bands in U.V for the presence of Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Phenols and Glycosoids. HPLC analysis of methanolic extract gave peaks at retention time 2.779, 4.115 and 9.840.LC-MS of methanolic extract of Cynodon dactylon showed the presence of eight compounds....
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Posted by admin on Jun 1, 2014 in |
A new series of transition metal complexes of the type ML where M = Cu(II), Co(III) and Fe(III) and L = 2-benzoyl-3-(nitrophenyl)quinoxaline have been characterized and the structural features were arrived from the elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility, molar conductance, FT- IR, UV-Vis and NMR spectral data. From the spectral measurements and magnetic susceptibility values a square planar geometry was proposed for Cu(II) complex and an octahedral geometry for Co(III) and Fe(III) complexes. The qualitative and quantitative antimicrobial activity test results proved that all the prepared complexes are very active especially against E. coli, S. aureus, C. albicans and A....
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Posted by admin on Jun 1, 2014 in |
In the present endeavour, bioprospecting potentials (antimicrobial activity, antibiotic susceptibility pattern, enzyme activity and dye degradation ability) of endophytic bacteria isolated from different plants were explored. Total of thirty bacterial endophytes were isolated from the leaves of selected plants by using sterilization treatment followed by serial dilution agar plate technique. All the isolates were evaluated for the antimicrobial activity against 7 pathogenic strains including 2 Gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis and Bacillus amyloliquifaciens)and 2 Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica ser. typhi)and 3 fungi (Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus sp. and Candida albicans) using agar well diffusion method. Of the 30 bacterial isolates, twenty endophytic bacterial isolates exhibited both antifungal and antibacterial activity. It was observed that 33.33% of isolates exhibited urease activity, 66.66% amylase activity, while 50% esterase activity. Malachite green degradation was observed in 16 (53.33%) endophytic bacterial isolates. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of endophytic bacterial isolates was evaluated. Five Gram negative bacterial isolates were sensitive to Amikacin, Levofloxacin, Cephotaxime, four isolates sensitive to Aztreonam and three isolates...
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