Posted by admin on Apr 4, 2014 in |
Oxadiazole is a heterocyclic compound containing an oxygen atom and two nitrogen atoms in a five membered ring. It is derived from furan by substitution of two methylene groups (=CH) with two pyridine type nitrogens (-N=). It is also termed as a lead compound for designing the potent bioactive agents. It has been reported as a surrogate of carboxylic acid and an important synthons in organic chemistry. It exists in four isomeric forms 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,3-oxadiazole and 1,2,5-oxadiazole. Out of all four isomers of oxadiazole, 1,3,4-Oxadiazole is found to possess variety of chemical and biological applications. 1,3,4-oxadiazole nucleus have been reported a very important nucleus in organic and medicinal chemistry and more widely studied by researchers because of its versatile chemical and biological properties. It has been found to possess antimicrobial, antioxidant, antifungal, cytotoxicity, anticonvulsant, antitumor, tyrosinase enzyme activity, DENV2 inhibitory activity, anti-Trypanosoma cruzi, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitors, analgesic, HIV-1 integrase inhibitors, XDR and MDR tuberculosis, immunosuppressive activity. This review article describes the various biological activities associated with 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring...
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Posted by admin on Apr 1, 2014 in |
Metal complexes having two or more different metal ions not only possess excellent catalytic applications but also have many biological activities. In the present work, some ligand tartarate based mixed transition metal complexes of type [MxMI1-x (C4H4O6)]. XH2O [Where M and MI are Cu and Ni, and x= 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8] have been successfully synthesized and were characterized by different sophisticated analytical techniques such as elemental analysis, FT-IR, TGA and XRD. From the analytical data; it was observed that all the complexes exhibited 1:1 (methyl: ligand) ratio. IR data shows that the ligand co-ordinates with metal ions in a bidentate manner through the two oxygen atoms. Thermal analysis shows the degradation pattern of the complexes. The synthesized metal complexes were then tested in vitro for biological activities against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus Aureus, and Escherichia coli to assess their antibacterial and antifungal effect. Some of them showed promising antimicrobial...
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Posted by admin on Apr 1, 2014 in |
Spondias pinnata is a well-known plant indigenous to South East Asian countries. The plant has been used intensively in many traditional herbal medicines across the globe. This plant has been known to possess antimicrobial, anti-diabetic, ulcer-protective, anti-cancerous, anti-diarrhoeal, anthelmintic, cytotoxic and hepatoprotective activity. It has also been reported that different parts of the plant is used as anti-thirst, anti-emetic and as an anti-tubercular agent. It owes its different pharmacological activities to the wide range of phytoconstituents that are present in the plant. The plant is found to contain sterols, flavonoids, polysaccharides and gums. β-amyrin, oleanolic acid and amino acids—glycine, cystine, serine, alanine and leucine, daucosterol, cycloartanone 24-methylene and lignoceric acid, ellagitannins, galloylgeranin, lignoseric acid and β –carotein are the other constituents that are found to be present in the plant. An attempt has been made to compile these phytoconstituents studies and the different ethnomedicinal and pharmacological properties of Spondias pinnata and provide a full-fledged review in a single document. This review emphasizes the need for more extensive research and...
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Posted by admin on Apr 1, 2014 in |
Niosomes, an emerging class of novel vesicular systems, are non-ionic surfactant vesicles which can entrap both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. Niosomes are incorporated into in situ gels for sustained release of drug and to prolong the residence time. The aim of present study is to formulate and evaluate ocular niosomal in situ gels of Linezolid. Linezolid is a potent synthetic oxazolidinone derivative active against a broad range of gram positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Niosomes were prepared using various surfactants (span 20, span 40, span 60 and span 80) in different ratios using thin film hydration technique. They were evaluated for particle size, entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release. Niosomes prepared using cholesterol and span 60 in the ratio 1:2 showed higher entrapment efficiency and better in vitro drug release. The optimized formulation was formulated as in situ gels using Carbopol 971P and HPMC K4M in different ratios and evaluated for gelling capacity, pH, viscosity, in vitro drug release, drug content, antimicrobial activity and ocular irritation...
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2014 in |
Cephalexin remain as one of the most versatile class of compounds against microbes and therefore, are useful substructures for further molecular exploration. A novel series of Schiff bases of cephalexin were synthesized. Thus condensation of 5-thia-1-azabicyclo [4.2.0] oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid, 7-[(amino phenyl acetyl) amino]-3-methyl-8-oxo, monohydrate with appropriate aldehydes afforded the Schiff bases. The purity of the compounds was determined by TLC. With elemental analysis and spectral data the structure of the synthesized compounds were elucidated. All the synthesized compounds were subjected for the screening of antimicrobial activity against 3 bacteria and two pathogenic fungi. Most of the synthesized compounds were found to possess moderate antibacterial and antifungal...
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