Posted by admin on May 1, 2014 in |
The aqueous and methanol extracts of the seeds of Moringa oleifera (Family: Moringaceae) and the seeds of Mormordica charantia (Family: Cucurbitaceae) were screened for their antimicrobial activity against three human pathogenic bacterial strains and three fungal strains by agar-well diffusion assay. The pattern of inhibition varied with the solvent used for extraction and the microorganisms tested. Among these extracts, methanol extract showed significant antimicrobial activity against all the six tested microbes. The most susceptible microorganism was Staphylococcus aureus which showed 8 mm and 7 mm zone of inhibition with methanol extract of M.oleifera and M.charantia respectively. M.oleifera methanol extract was significantly effective against the fungi C.albicans as comparable to the standard flucanozole. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of different extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids and tannins in M.oleifera methanol extract and the presence of alkaloids, glycosides and tannins in M.charantia methanol extract. These compounds may have contributed to their antimicrobial...
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Posted by admin on Apr 1, 2014 in |
Tuberose flower extracts were obtained by green technology of Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction and solvent extractions (using n-hexane and petroleum ether of b.p. 60-80 °C). Antimicrobial activities of these extracts were tested in vitro against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Helicobacter pylori, Vibrio cholerae and Candida albicans. No activity was found against H. pylori and V. cholerae. Antimicrobial activities of the extracts were established by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays against the remaining test microorganisms. The SC-CO2 and solvent extracts showed potency against all test microorganisms. SC-CO2 extract obtained at 40 °C, 100 bar pressure, 135 min extraction time, and n-hexane extract showed most promising results, among all the extracts. However, considering the global need for green extracts for therapeutic applications, SC-CO2 extraction is the recommended technique for extracting antimicrobials from tuberose flowers. The chemical constituents conferring antimicrobial potencies to the extracts were also identified by GC/MS...
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Posted by admin on Apr 1, 2014 in |
This work has been undertaken to study the antimicrobial efficiency of Hexane, Ethyl acetate, Ethanolic extracts of herbal plants (Anthocephalus cadamba, Allium sativum, Origanum vulgare, Ocimum sanctum) against human pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC-3160), Escherichia coli (MTCC-1652) and fungi Aspergillus niger (MTCC-282) by using agar well diffusion method. All the plants showed significant activity against all pathogens, but the alcoholic extract of Ocimum sanctum showed maximum zone of inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentration against all the pathogens. The minimum zone of inhibition and comparatively greater inhibitory concentration were determined in hexane and ethanolic extract. The Spectrum activity of alcoholic extracts of these plants could be a possible source to obtain new and effective herbal medicines to treat various infectious...
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2014 in |
Nocturnal Enuresis treatment activity in rabbits by measuring the changes in urine volume and concentrations of electrolytes as well as bladder capacities. In addition, antioxidant activity was measured using free radical scavenging (DPPH method) and antimicrobial activity against human bacterial pathogens using agar diffusion technique. Pandanus Odoratissimus L. peduncle showed no toxic effect with a predicted lethal dose > 16g/kg. The findings indicate the peduncle extracts increase the capacity of the bladder which is an indicator of muscle relaxation with no direct effect on the muscle of dissected bladders. The methanolic extract of the peduncle decrease the urine volume both at 24 hrs and as prescribed traditionally in Yemen (for 3 days) with no effect on its electrolytes. In addition, antioxidant activity of the methanolic peduncle extract was evident by the 83% inhibition of DPPH with different concentrations of the extracts as compared with Vitamin C. In contrast, Peduncle extracts showed no antimicrobial activity against five standard microbial strains (Micrococcus Lit, Staphlococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis and Candida...
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Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2014 in |
Background: Prescription of drugs which needs to be continuously assessed and refined according to disease progression. It is not only reflects the physician’s knowledge about drugs but also know the pathophysiology of diseases and attitude towards rational prescribing. Methods-: Retrospective study was carried out by collecting 350 prescriptions containing antimicrobial agents of the indoor patients admitted in the wards of medicine department at Sir Sayajirao General (SSG) Hospital, Vadodara. The data was collected by using case record form specially prepared for the study. Results: In our study, total 350 prescriptions containing 539 antimicrobial drugs were prescribed in-patients during study period. Average number of antimicrobials per prescription was 1.54.486 (90.16%) and 53(9.53%) antimicrobials were prescribed by using generic name and trade name respectively. 313(58.07%) and 226(41.93%) antimicrobial agents were prescribed for parenteral administration as well as oral route respectively.188(53.71%) prescriptions constitute single antimicrobial agents, while 162(46.28%) prescriptions contain either two or more than two antimicrobial agents. Among all prescriptions, 4 % and 20% of them were without the age and...
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