Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2024 in |
Background: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is known to cause various infections ranging from minor skin and soft tissue infections to devastating septicaemia and endocarditis. The only drug that is currently most effective against MRSA infections is a glycopeptide, vancomycin. Due to continued exposure and injudicious use of this novel drug, cases of reduced susceptibility to vancomycin are appearing which could be complete resistance (VRSA), intermediate resistance (VISA) or heterogeneous resistance (hVISA). Aims & Objectives: To study: The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of MRSA to commonly used antibiotics and vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid. The proportion of VISA and hVISA among MRSA isolates. Material & Methods: The study was conducted in Microbiology department of GGSMCH, Faridkot in which 150 MRSA isolates were processed as per standard microbiological protocols. Vancomycin susceptibility was studied by 3 methods: vancomycin screen agar using 6 mg/mL of vancomycin, micro broth-dilution and Epsilometer test using Hi-media Vancomycin-Teicoplanin graded E-strip. Results: Of 11726 specimens received, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was isolated from 230 specimens. 85.22% (196) were methicillin...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2024 in |
Medicinal plants essential oils in aromatherapy, complementary medicine or in folk medicine, is known for a long time or is gaining importance as a significant alternative method for the treatment of various ailments. In the last few years a lot of scientific studies have been conducted to investigate the effects and mechanisms of action of these natural compounds and their influence on the central nervous system (CNS). In the present study essential oil obtained from the Skimmia anquetilia leaves (Rutaceae) was subjected to chemical analysis and the oil was investigated for its anxiolytic and antidepressant effects on rats. Chemical analysis of the leaf oil (1.2%) by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS) whereas, anxiolytic and antidepressant properties were evaluated by employing the social interaction test and hole board in rats. GC/MS studies of S. anquetilia oil indicated the presence of important anxiolytic phytoconstituents like linalool (10.085%), geranyl acetate (5.588%), geraniol (1.463%) and limonene (1.362%). The anxiolytic studies of SAO were conducted at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg, body...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2024 in |
Antidyslipidemic activity of extract of Eugenia jambolana (EJ, Jamun fruit) in adult Charles Foster rats of both sexes was studied and compared with that of Atorvastatin (Atorva). 4 groups were made [Gp 1- Control group (no drug), only high fat diet (HFD); Gp 2- HFD +EJ (evaluation of role of EJ in the prevention of dyslipidemia); Gps 3 & 4-only HFD]. This was the phase of disease production, lasting for 7 weeks, in which we also evaluated the preventive role of EJ. Thereafter, therapy phase started, which lasted for 90 days [Gp 1-Control group (no drug). Only HFD; Gp 3- HFD+ Atorva; Gp 4- HFD+EJ]. Parameters tested were TC (total cholesterol), TG (triglycerides), LDL (low density lipoproteins) and HDL (high density lipoproteins). During the prevention/ disease production phase, EJ brought an improvement in TC level as compared to control group, which was statistically not significant; but improvements in TG, LDL & HDL levels were significant. Moreover, in the therapy phase, EJ brought significant improvement in all the parameters. It...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2024 in |
In this study, the preventive and protective potentials of Murray koenigii (MK) leaves and Momordica charantia (MC) fruit extracts against experimentally induced peptic ulcers in Wistar rats were evaluated. Rats were divided into six experimental groups – normal (saline), control (ulcers), pretreatment with MC extract (fresh fruit juice, 500ml/kg), MK extract (400mg/kg)or both, and pretreatment with standard drug ranitidine (RTD). Parameters assessed in the study were -ulcer score, ulcer index, free acidity, total acidity, percentage of ulcer inhibition, pH of gastric juice, gastric volume, C-reactive protein, macroscopic evaluation of the stomach, and histopathological studies. The results of the pharmacological studies on the co-administration of MK extract and MC juice showed a significant decrease in ulcer score, ulcer index, gastric volume, free acidity, total acidity, and CRP value when compared to positive control. The pH and percentage of ulcer protection were significantly increased in the co-administration extracts treatment group comparably with the standard ranitidine group. Hence, the study revealed that pre-treatment with the combined administration of Murraya koenigii leaves and...
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Posted by admin on Jan 31, 2024 in |
Objective: The main purpose of this current work is to optimize the formulation and in vitro evaluation of gabapentin niosomes. Methods: Niosomes are formulated by utilizing the thin film method. Gabapentin niosomes are prepared with cholesterol and span 80. Pre-formulation and post-formulation studies were carried out for optimized gabapentin niosomes. Such as FTIR, DSC, Zeta, Particle size, TEM, SEM, and in-vitro drug release studies. Report: Gabapentin medication pre-formulation experiments were carried out. The ultraviolet spectroscopic maximum of gabapentin was found to be 206nm. Within the concentration range of 2-10 g/ml of drug in phosphate buffer 7.4 solutions; gabapentin follows Beers law with a slope of 0.1086 x and an R2 value of 0.9985. The particle size was determined to be round and spherical in the improved formulation F7. The particle sizes are in the 50-120mm range. Particle’s external morphology/outer surface morphology were determined. Conclusion: The goal of this study was to optimize the formulation and in-vitro evaluation of gabapentin niosomes for epilepsy treatment. As a result, the current research...
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