Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2026 in |
The polysaccharide-derived polymers can play an integral and versatile role in the novel drug delivery system for a variety of therapeutic agents in the biological system. In this research, natural polysaccharide isolated to evolve natural polymer-based innovative drug delivery carriers to provide maximum therapeutic effect and minimize clinical complications, which could also be a step towards biological environment-friendly drug delivery systems since the envisaged natural polymer could be a good substitute compared to the synthetic polymers currently used for novel drug delivery systems with modified drug delivery properties. Tinospora cordifolia is a tropical herb of the Menispermaceae family, also known as ‘Guduchi’, well-known for its therapeutic benefits in the Indian traditional system. This plant’s fruits cluster in groups of one to three, and the mucilage contains complex polysaccharides. In-vitro cytotoxicity studies on fibroblast cells revealed about 80% cell viability, confirming its biocompatibility as a natural excipient with potential applications in green and advanced pharmaceutical drug delivery...
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2026 in |
Background: Warfarin dosing varies greatly between individuals and across populations, and much of this variation is driven by polymorphisms in the VKORC1 gene. Understanding how these variants influence gene expression and function is crucial for improving dose accuracy and preventing complications. Objective: To characterise key VKORC1 variants using an in-silico approach and to assess how their predicted functional effects and population frequencies contribute to global differences in warfarin sensitivity. Methods: Genomic data from gnomAD and the 1000 Genomes Project were analysed to examine major VKORC1 variants across South Asian, European, and East Asian populations. Functional and regulatory impacts were predicted using SIFT, PolyPhen-2, PROVEAN, ConSurf, JASPAR, and RegulomeDB. Genotype frequencies were estimated using the Hardy–Weinberg model and interpreted in relation to expected warfarin dosing categories, including sensitive, intermediate, and normal-dose groups. Results: The promoter variant rs9923231 and intronic variant rs9934438, both linked to reduced VKORC1 expression and lower warfarin dose requirements, were most frequent in East Asians (around 80–90%). The 3′UTR variant rs7294, associated with higher gene activity and...
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2026 in |
The current study investigates the antimicrobial activity of different extracts and fractions of P. pinnata using a chemical profiling approach to identify bioactive compounds responsible for its antimicrobial potential. Various fractions (hexane, chloroform, butanol and methanolic) were prepared from the seeds of the plant and tested against two different bacterial strains Salmonella abony (gram positive) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (gram-negative). The antimicrobial activity was assessed using standard disc diffusion method to determine zone of inhibition. In parallel, chemical profiling of the active extract and fractions was conducted through chromatographic technique (HPLC) and spectroscopic analysis GC-MS/MS to identify bioactive constituents. The results revealed significant antimicrobial activity, with methanolic extract and hexane fraction from seeds exhibiting the strongest inhibition against S. abony, on the other hand it was found less potent against K. pneumonia. Several bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenolics were identified, suggesting their role in the antimicrobial activity. The in-silico ADMET and acute rat toxicity prediction suggested that the major bioactive compounds Pongamol and Lanceolatin B as the most...
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2026 in |
Purpose: The research developed a co-processed excipient from primary excipients. The novel excipients obtained from mixture of plantain starch and tragacanth gum were added to paracetamol granulation. This was with a view to enhance production of tablet with higher mechanical integrity without compromising its disintegration in gut or aqueous medium. Method: Unripe but mature plantain fruits were peeled to extract starch, after soaking. The starch was milled, sieved, oven-dried and re-sieved. Starch powder obtained was co-processed with tragacanth gum BP by two methods: (1) Co-grinding technique was achieved by geometric mixing of the starch and the gum in ratios, 1:3, 1:1 and 3:1. (2) Co-fusion was carried out by suspending tragacanth gum powder in a distilled water placed on water bath at temperature 50 °C. It was stirred until a mucilage was formed. Plantain starch was incorporated, when hot, in the above specified mixture ratios. Each co-processed excipient was weighed and added in concentrations, 3, 4 and 5% w/w, to the paracetamol granules as binders. The physical, compaction and...
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2026 in |
Background: Chronic hepatitis B requires effective antiviral therapy combined with hepatoprotective support to manage liver function and prevent disease progression. Bilayer tablets provide a versatile platform to deliver drugs with distinct pattern of the drug release exhibited by a single dosage form. Objective: The study aimed to develop a bilayer tablet containing an immediate-release layer of Tenofovir and a sustained-release layer of Silymarin to provide rapid antiviral action with prolonged hepatoprotective effects in a single dosage form. Methods: Bilayer tablets were developed by direct compression and optimized through eight trial batches. FTIR confirmed drug–excipient compatibility. Post-compression tests evaluated physical properties and dissolution behavior. Drug-release kinetics were analyzed using zero-order, first-order, Higuchi, and Korsmeyer-Peppas models. Stability was assessed under ICH guidelines. Results: The optimized batch (F3: CCS in IR layer + HPMC K100M 10% in SR layer) demonstrated rapid Tenofovir release within 30 minutes and sustained Silymarin release over 12 hours. Kinetic modeling indicated Hixson-Crowell kinetics for Tenofovir (R² = 0.9855) and zero-order release with Super Case-II transport for Silymarin...
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