Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2026 in |
The binary mixture of Linagliptin (LINA) with Empagliflozin (EMPA) in fixed dose combination was selected with the aim to develop and rigorously validate simple yet reliable UV spectrophotometric methods which are specific, precise and accurate for their simultaneous quantification. Two UV spectrophotometric methods, namely Ratio Subtraction and Extended Ratio Subtraction (RS-ERS) and Ratio Subtraction Coupled with Constant Multiplication (RS-CM) methods, were developed. In RS-ERS, LINA and EMPA were accurately determined at 294 nm and 273 nm, respectively, taking divisor concentrations of 10 µg/mL for LINA and 20 µg/mL for EMPA. The linearity found to be in the range of 6-14 µg/mL for LINA and 12-28 µg/mL for EMPA with regression equations y = 0.0435x – 0.0137 (r2 = 0.9994) and y = 0.0026x + 0.0087 (r2 = 0.9997) respectively. Precision studies demonstrated satisfactory repeatability with% RSD values ranging from 1.12 – 1.96%. Accuracy assessed by recovery studies at 80%, 100%, and 120% levels showed recoveries of 100.19 – 101.33% for RS-ERS and 99.94-101.59% for RS-CM. Assay results for the...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2026 in |
Lantana camara Linn. and Parthenium hysterophorus Linn. are among the invasive species of Arvalii Hills. The present study documents the comparison between the phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activity of these Invasive alien species (IAS). Leaf and flower samples of the plants were subjected to different solvents for extraction. The qualitative phytochemical creening of the plant samples indicated the presence of bioactive compounds, such as carbohydrates, proteins, flavonoids, phenols and tannins. The antioxidant activity of the crude extracts was also investigated by quantification of total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total tannin content, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and DPPH assay. Out of all the investigated crude extracts, L. camara leaves extract possessed the highest antioxidant activity with highest TFC, 175.62 ± 10.32 mg mg RE/g dried extract, TTC, 430.42 ± 20.70 mg GAE/g dried extract; FRAP, 2001.33 ± 41.46 mg/g dried extract Fe²⁺ eq; and the minimum IC₅₀ value of 30.3 µg ml⁻¹ in DPPH assay, while the flower extract of L. camara possessed the highest TPC of 193...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2026 in |
Opuntiol is a biologically active flavonol present in Opuntia elatior Mill. (Cactaceae) that exhibits significant pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. Reliable analytical methods are therefore required for the quantitative estimation in plant extracts and pharmaceutical preparations. The present study aimed to develop and validate a rapid, sensitive, and reproducible densitometric HPTLC method for the quantification of Opuntiol. Opuntiol was isolated from the fruits of Opuntia elatior using column chromatography, and its purity was confirmed by TLC and UV spectroscopy. Chromatographic separation was achieved on silica gel 60 F254 plates using an optimized mobile phase consisting of ethyl acetate: water: formic acid: glacial acetic acid: n-hexane (7:1:1.1:1.1:5 v/v). Densitometric scanning was performed at 280 nm, yielding a well-resolved band with an Rf value of 0.42 ± 0.002. The method showed excellent linearity in the range of 10–120 ng/spot with a correlation coefficient of 0.9956. The limits of detection and quantification were 10.14 ± 3.04 ng/spot and 30.74 ± 9.24 ng/spot, respectively. Precision studies demonstrated %RSD values...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2026 in |
Objective: Rasagiline mesylate (RM) is an effective BCS class III act as a potent, irreversible monoamine oxidase- B (MAO-B) inhibitor, mainly used to treat Parkinson’s disease. It has low permeability and low oral bioavailability (35%). To overcome these disadvantages and to maintain constant plasma concentration for maximum therapeutic activity, there is a need to design an alternative route i.e. transdermal route. The pharmacokinetic parameters make RM a suitable candidate for transdermal delivery. Present investigation consists of the study of in-vitro and ex-vivo skin flux of Rasagiline mesylate (RM) from transdermal patches. Methods: The patches were fabricated by solvent casting method using hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymer with different composition. Tween 80 incorporated as solubilizer, PEG 600 as plasticizer, Menthol, Lemongrass oil used as permeation enhancers respectively. The prepared TDDS were extensively evaluated for in-vitro release, ex-vivo permeation through pig ear skin, moisture content, moisture absorption, water vapour transmission, mechanical properties. The physicochemical interaction between RM and polymers were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Results: All the formulations exhibited...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2026 in |
Background: Superficial fungal infections are common, recurrent and increasingly associated with prolonged therapy and reduced response to conventional antifungal treatment. Herbal topical gels may be explored as preliminary formulation platforms for localized antifungal screening. Objective: To formulate and evaluate a polyherbal topical gel containing hydroethanolic leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica, Ocimum sanctum and Piper betle for in-vitro antifungal activity. Materials and Methods: Authenticated leaves were extracted using 70:30 ethanol:water by maceration. A Carbopol 934 gel containing equal extract ratio of neem:tulsi:Piper betle at 2:2:2% w/w was prepared using propylene glycol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, triethanolamine and distilled water. The gel was evaluated for physicochemical properties, extract content uniformity, phytochemical standardization, antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404, MIC/MFC and short-term stability. Fluconazole solution 25 microgram/mL was used as standard antifungal comparator. Results: Extract yields were 17.0%, 14.4% and 13.6% for neem, tulsi and Piper betle, respectively. Total phenolic content ranged from 42.6 +/- 1.8 to 76.4 +/- 2.3 mg GAE/g extract and total flavonoid...
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